The parent must commit to seeing her child's behavior from the teacher's perspective, says Bill Corbett, author of Love, Limits, & Lessons and the executive director of discipline training organization Cooperative Kids. Using inclusive language is important, says Etheredge. disorders or offer recommendations on which treatment plan is best for Unfortunately, this point of view leads to unjustly blaming the teacher. The ones with IEPs would feel seen in a deep, deep way. I am fortunate to have two reasonably well-adjusted kids. The survey defined teacher bullying as: Teachers may bully students for several reasons. Come and share in our WeAreTeachers HELPLINE group on Facebook. Once youve described the childs actions and the consequences, what happens next is crucialasking parents or guardians for their support and advice. What better perspective to have than yours? The teacher doesn't communicate with the child's parents. What works best with him?. This is why I think you should bring it up: Im sure she wants all her students to feel included and valued. Praise them for having the courage to speak the truth when it comes to unfair and unkind treatment. This looks something like, Im Jessicas English teacher, and Id like to start by saying I really appreciate her sense of humor. It was a good lesson: Alysia learned she could work with all types of people. But if it's something important, as in Goldberg's case, advocating for your child is more crucial than being labeled the annoying parent. Child Behavior Problems / School & Homework. As we all know, texts and emails can be misconstrued. Responses to questions posted on EmpoweringParents.com are not intended to I had some worries midyear but figured my daughter was academically robust enough to manage it. We value your opinions and encourage you to add your comments to this Domene advises saying something like "I am going to talk to the teacher to find out why you feel this way" (not "why the teacher did that."). That may make the teacher wonder aboutADHD or sensory processing issues. I have a question about classroom equity and favoritism. When to Call CPS: 7 Things Educators Should Know Teachers know a lot about what goes with students outside of school. I spoke with her teacher about both of these issues, and she airily said things were now fine socially and was nitpicky about my daughters academics. When to call CPS and what happens after you do. Bales, Kris. But if the teacher is, let's say, better suited to another line of work, you're sending them a signal that you're paying attention and are involved. Are there certain times of dayyou see this happening? Ultimately he was moved to a different class, but not without much angst all around. https://www.thoughtco.com/signs-your-child-s-teacher-is-a-bully-4178674 (accessed June 4, 2023). From then on, I went through the majority of my school years feeling bored and isolated. "I think that started us off on the wrong foot," says Black, noting that things deteriorated from there and that she had "opened a can of worms." You must select at least one category to create your Personal Parenting Plan: We're just about finished! When we use our first name, it lightens any tensionand there is often tension on that first calland works to establish right away that we are collaborating in supporting their child. Tell the principal the steps you've already taken, and "keep bringing it back to the child's perceptions," says Etheredge. Consider meeting with the teacher, principal, or school psychologist to stay on top of the situation. (Give them a chance to elaborate on their storyit's hard for kids to remember every detail. The teacher is concerned about your childs trouble remembering math facts or formulas. But the content was enough for our identify to be . While most often, these situations are about miscommunication, other times, it may involve callousness or inappropriate behavior. The kids in the spotlight are eager and engaged, and I understand that other kids may not wish to participate. If every teacher allocated 15 minutes a day to calling parents with good news, the impact could be tremendous. We can invite students family members to come give talks, assist in the classroom, share an area of expertise, or even co-teach a lesson. Have you ever gone to a parent-teacher conference and felt like the comments meant something more than what the teacher actually said? 17 likes, 0 comments - Support Coach for Parents of Highly Sensitive Children (@emily.b.macleod) on Instagram: "I really look forward to supporting you. I cant pinpoint why, though. Viewers of a certain age may well feel that . For what its worth, his grades are good and nothing seems off academically (yet?). And yes, I will sometimes find other things to do during virtual meetings, but a meeting and a lesson are two very different things. "If you do nothing but defend your child and don't investigate the issues, you are not helping matters," Harrison says. To me, that call is like a bomb that keeps exploding in your face. Photos by Thinkstock and BCFC/iStock/Getty Images Plus. One telling clue that something is amiss is a child who used to enjoy school suddenly making excuses to stay home. Bales, Kris. The phone rings (the smoke). I really enjoy having Kevinin class. Some of the complaints can be about social issuesfor instance, there's a problem with another child, and the teacher isn't stepping in, says Etheredge, who adds that the beginning of the year is the peak time for all these concerns. Prepare your materials. The protocol for reporting abuse can be confusing. When I offered this invitation, I was surprised that family members of my students actually took me up on it. Begin the conversation with a positive. A month? Teachers Calling Home: The Bare Minimum For Communicating With Families Start early. All parents should attend this meeting. I knew this would be difficult, for both me and my child. Make a plan. But its made me wonder if the teacher troubles he has mentioned are true. You want to find out what that means. Depending on the principal's style, they either will arrange for you to have another conversation with the teacher or will speak with the teacher themselves. 1. Unfortunately, Ive received this call. Then share the consequences or steps youve already taken following the childs actions. I told my daughter its natural for those who participate aggressively to get called on more and that some people will choose not to participate as much, and thats OK. "Signs Your Child's Teacher Is a Bully." The information you share may help uncover the triggers that facilitate your child having these negative thoughts. Normalize the situation and assure your child thatyou will take action to stop the bullying behavior. Do your best to reassure the teacher that you're not blaming them. Suggest options with your child, such as approaching the teacher after class and pointing out, for instance, that they don't think they get called on very often. But picking up materials from the students house? Acting Out in School When your child acts out in school, it can be worrisome, frustrating and embarrassing. The teacher is seeing trouble with impulsivity, which can be a sign of ADHD. Angry, threatening, explosive behavior may frighten your child even though youre not mad at them. "It was a new school for me so it was a bit nerve . Challenge your childs negative thoughts about the teacher. "We need to realize that kids are kids and we love them, but they also can say stuff that may not be entirely true.". Does my childseem anxious or upset in general? If your child thinks that the teacher never calls on him, or if she feels the teacher always reprimands her, examine the situation more clearly and specifically. I also know a parent who underwent the same evaluation as her son so they could compare data when they were finished, and her son saw the evaluation as a little less out of the ordinary. Schools are very reluctant to do that, says Etheredge, but may if a child is truly suffering and the situation is unlikely to change. I loved schoolread-alouds, projects, and hands-on learning, yes, but also tests, worksheets, rote memorization, all of it. Your child needs to be redirected a lot, which canget in the way of learning for all studentsincluding your child. The following are 10 tips for parents when meeting with their child's teacher. Donations are tax-deductible as allowed by law. Helping your child deal with the situation, while perhaps not as just as going over the teacher's head, might ultimately be what's best for your kid. Frustrated and exhausted by your child's behavior? Most teachers try to be available to answer questions or talk about concerns. Make those first calls home to get the collaboration ball rolling. First, talk to the school principal. (One teachers idea of dealing with me was putting me in an empty classroom to do worksheets apart from the rest of the class.) Slate needs your support right now. Or that the concerns raised were vague? The teacher is seeing very uneven skills, and may think your child is twice exceptional. He is bright for his age and struggles to stay interested. Your attitude is still: We all want them to have the best year possible. Look for changes in behavior. If you find your child's teacher on the other end of the line, understand that there must be a valid reason for the phone call and listen carefully to what the teacher has to say . In that case, you have a choice: You can turn the unpleasant situation into a "sometimes life sucks, kiddo" learning opportunity for your child, or you can go over the teacher's head. Are there other things you see that concern you? But if, like Goldberg, you feel that what's going on in the classroom is turning your child off to school, by all means, speak to the principal or whoever is next on the school chain of command. I speak the language but am unsure of the culture. Talking with parents or guardians in real time avoids any of those digital message mishaps and, more importantly, allows you to immediately answer questions, clarify any concerns, and construct next steps together. I have a 10-year-old son who says his teacher calls him and other children in his class "dummy," "stupid," "retarded," "dumb," etc. When the teacher asks if the class has any questions, raise your hand to offer a comment. If you Indictment of Arizona polygamist leader, 10 others details sex crimes against young girls. Thats weird. Michelles work is spot-on, but she often forgets to turn in her homework and bring her notebook to class. End with action. Tell the parent what the problem is, e.g., "Johnny got into a fight on the playground." Give the parents the facts; be sure to present both sides. They need varied methods to keep them interested and capitalize on their strengths. Preparing materials well before the conference will make you feel more at ease when families show up at your classroom door. Try blocking their email, or hacking into their email and deleting it before they see it. On top of the actual misbehavior, you fear that he'll make a bad name for himselfthat his reputation as a troublemaker will follow him from grade to grade. Does she not pay attention to those she doesnt personally like? Is handwriting the problem, or is it more about trouble expressing ideas? Because children may not report teacher bullying, its important to pay attention to clues that it may be happening. Sometimes we teachers address each other as Mr., Ms., or Mrs., but I suggest we approach parents or guardians as peers. On the surface, it is rather convincing that seven other kids echoed your son's specific complaints. The teacher might evenwonder if your child has ADHD. Reassure your children that you will prevent this teacher from punishing them in any way for their reports of her treating them inappropriately. Be sure to call your child's teacher if: You notice a change in your child's attitude toward school. "It's your child's feelings you're dealing with. They may complain of stomach aches, headaches, or other vague ailments to avoid going to school. Despite your light touch, the teacher might feel criticized. Bella Clare Studied at Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry (fictional school) (Graduated 2019) 5 y Try blocking the school's number. A disciplinary phone call isn't the end of the worldin fact, finding out about your child's misbehavior can help you fix a potential problem he could be silently struggling with. What to Do If You Suspect a Teacher Is Bullying Your Child, Understand What Legally Constitutes Bullying in Your State. Listening in makes me cringe. Get in touch! Im in my early 20s, working as an instructional assistant in an elementary school and taking the prerequisite courses I need to apply to teacher certification programs. And I also know that a phone call can take three minutes. One conference call is not the building block for the next conference call. Im surprised at how inconsistent Michelle is in remembering how to do math problems. Look for some of the common signs that your child's teacher is a bully. Finally, teachers who experienced childhood bullying may turn to those tactics in the classroom. I have ADHD that I wasnt diagnosed with until I was older, so a lot of my time in elementary school was spent being told to sit still or focus better while I wondered why I was having such a hard time with things that came naturally to my classmates. Remember, you're hearing your child's experience, which is valid and important, and there could be some missing context. So take a deep breath and tackle the situation with these tips. I know we are already at a disadvantage being, in spite of our education, foreign, American, and basically nobodies. Lessons are far more relevant to all students and demand a higher level of engagement. Are there areas my child is really strong in? discussion. Its impossible for me to determine from my desk if your son is taking his remote classes seriously, but I dont think there is anything wrong with following up on his activity from time to time. Do you think hes OK? Ask questions. When we use our first name, it lightens any tensionand there is often tension on that first calland works to establish right away that we are collaborating in supporting their child. How do I teach subjects that I know can be fun and exciting but that I couldnt stand as a student? He was not. Corbett suggests, Ask the teacher to describe specific behaviors she has seen so that the parent can identify and watch for them in the home setting.. I think it would be enormously helpful to have an impartial third party help illuminate your childs strengths and weaknesses and determine whether any of the concerns these teachers have are founded. She summarizes the numerous failed classroom interventions (explosion number two). In the fourth grade class, however, the teacher calls most prominently on one out of the 26 kids in the class, followed by three other students who also get priority. Whats your gut instinct about whats happening? Your child may well have done something to annoy the teacher, who may have reacted with, well, annoyance. We will not share your information with anyone. Could I be misinterpreting this? You can thwart their efforts, and annoy them in the process, with tangents and/or harmless pranks. Or the teacher may not have done anything at all. He has conducted parenting seminars on topics ranging from how to discipline toddlers to how to stay connected with teenagers. 1, but first, is there anyone else who hasnt participated yet who wants to say something? But mostly, she reverts back to kid No. The good news? So you must make it clear to the person on the end of the phone line that you are not calling to make your own life easier or to get their student in trouble. When I try to prop my daughter up, my daughter says I am wrong, that she is OK but her friends are so smart. I find it odd she uses exactly the words her teacher uses about her friends. Is my child distracted by things or unfocused? No single incident made Kim Black of River Ridge, Louisiana, realize that all was not sunshine and warm fuzzies between her son Harrison, then 7, and his second-grade teacher. Is it possible to not call on my child to read out loud unless you see a raised hand? Be honest with the teacher and share if you feel anxious about meeting (for example, you do not want to interfere with the teachers busy schedule), if you feel self-conscious (you fear that you will appear over-protective), or if you feel uncertain (you are unsure of the best way to address the issue). Or that your child has trouble with listening comprehension, receptive language, or processing speed. What strategies have you tried, and have they helped? In an anonymous survey whose results were published in 2006, psychologist Stuart Twemlow noted that 45% of the teachers surveyed admitted to having bullied a student. For example, What are some ideas you might have to help me support Jonathan and get him back on track? or What might be a suggestion for talking with him? List the names of any other teachers, students, or parents who witnessed the encounter. This obviously isnt best practice, but it is a common instructional pitfall. Find out what your and your child's rights are when dealing with an abusive teacher. Amanda Morin is the author of The Everything Parents Guide to Special Education and the former director of thought leadership at Understood. Is it normal to have only one A in a class of 35 students? Then you can talk to your child about how some people are not as smiley or are maybe less patient than the other adults in their life, but that doesn't mean they don't like them, says Domene. The child gets in trouble a lot in school. If your child complains about any of these behaviors, look for other signs of teacher bullying. When a teacher calls home, it can be a scary experience for a child, and even scarier for a parent. It could also be related to trouble with a skillcalled working memory, which can affect learning in lots of ways. Ask for specifics and context. (Heres a Pinterest page of ideas for family volunteer forms.). Ask questions seeking support. The majority of teachers genuinely care about their students. 2023 Empowering Parents. 1. Students benefit from this relationship because it provides students with a means of communicating with their teachers and encourages them to speak up if they have any questions or concerns. Kris Bales is a long-time homeschool parent. Responsible, hardworking students succumbed to the lure of the Xbox and their phone. They often build upon one another, and participation is important. Decide how you and the teacher will determine progress and be clear about the level of progress that is expected. Take a look at these 6 tips to stop your childs negative thoughts so they may better respond to their teacher. "I'd had this happy-go-lucky child, and now he's coming home crying every day as he gets off the bus," says Black, a mom of four. Its possible the teacher is wondering if anADHD evaluation for your child is a good idea. Its hard to know exactly what is happening given that you are immersed in a culture and system completely unknown to me, but if this same thing were happening in the United States, I would tell you to have your child evaluated immediately. But from an academic standpoint, Im really doubting myself. How you open is important, so consider these steps for calling a students home when you need to discuss a problem or concern. Take a look at these 6 tips on approaching the teacher. What can I do to help my child who is being verbally abused by his teacher? In many countries, teachers are still being addressed as Mr. Miss, Madam, sir, or simply teacher, followed by their last names. Parent-teacher communication is a two-way street. Black quickly explained that she wasn't accusing the teacher of doing anything wrong but was trying to make her aware that Harrison felt this way and to understand why. Will you contact the teacher or vice-versa? However, calmly addressing the issue with a teacher will help solve the problem and teach your child about healthy ways to resolve conflict. Since 2009 she has reviewed homeschool curricula for providers like Alpha Omega, Apologia, and All About Learning Press. There is a Russian saying: Trust, but verify. I think that applies here. Are thosereading scores typical for kids of this age? And it depends on the teacher. Like you, I . 4. Maybe the teacher is a grump, and your child takes it personally. When that didn't help, she escalated her concerns. If your child admits he acted badly, it's important to have him apologize to anyone he may have hurt, and suffer the consequences of his actions, whether that means taking away a favorite toy or banning TV for the week. Or should I stop trusting him implicitly and monitor him more actively? "I have seen some parents absolutely assume that their child would never do anything wrong, and when you do that, the chances really dwindle for a successful school year," says Domene. Check bullying laws by stateso that you understand what actions are considered bullying. I think you should say something. Well email you our most helpful stories and resources. My Child Refuses to Do Homework How to Stop the Nightly Struggle Over School Work. Teachers try their best to keep their students on task and focused. 2. Sandbox Learning is part of Sandbox & Co., a digital learning company. Last Christmas, she complained that my daughter was too involved in the myriad social disputes in class. Expert Articles / These situations can be hard enough in a culture and system with which you are familiar. In Goldberg's case, the principal admitted to her privately that the teacher was a poor choice and promised the parents in that class that their kids would get an excellent teacher the following year, which they did. Edutopia is a free source of information, inspiration, and practical strategies for learning and teaching in preK-12 education. Have a question for our teachers? Use Google Voice This option was the most overwhelming choice for making phone calls. Speak to the teacher calmly and respectfully. We are published by the George Lucas Educational Foundation, a nonprofit, nonpartisan organization. However, butting heads with school staff is not only unproductive, it can cause unnecessary tension with your child's educator. So far I have made clear that my kids must get their schoolwork done and be responsible, but I have not specifically set down dos and donts. "But if a problem is repeated year after year and you've done what you need to do with your child, you know it's the school." Are you tired of feeling unprepared to address the teacher hates me mantra? The idea is not so much to uncover "the truth" of what went down but to get a more concrete sense of what your child is experiencing. Contains Within Itself the Potential for Mayhem, Pretty Much All Your School-Related Questions Came Down to One Piece of Advice, Im Convinced My Childs Teacher Has It Out for Her. Are there ways to help herbe more organized? Parents may be somewhat reluctant to report bullying behaviors by their child's teacher. If your child says the teacher "never" calls on them, when you talk to the teacher, they might tell you that your child often knows the answers, but they're trying to give the shier kids a chance. Here are some examples of comments you might hear, what they might really mean, and how you can follow up. Email askateacher@slate.com or post it in the Slate Parenting Facebook group. The fact that these kids have expressed fear about your possibly calling this teacher on the carpet for this abuse leads me to favor believing them at this time, since kids who had cooked up a group lie to harm a teacher would want her confronted with their accusations by their parents. This helps develop trust and opens the lines of communication. To switch between accounts click on the account below. She gets us all laughing, and she is a reason period three is one of my favorite classes. By doing this, you convey to the parent or guardian that you see all aspects of who the child is, not just his or her challenges. Spanish-English dictionary, translator, and learning, Marketplace for millions of educator-created resources. This is what happened to Christine Klepacz of Bethesda, Maryland. Have you noticed other difficulties withmath. Suggest ways the teacher can help in the classroom, and listen to her suggestions for changes you can make at home. Can you describe the behavior youre seeing? Teachers who feel bullied in the classroom by students may be more likely to bully in retaliation. Following up on his work is something his teacher would be doing in class regardless of his past performance, so there is nothing wrong with doing the same at home. You can find out more about our use, change your default settings, and withdraw your consent at any time with effect for the future by visiting Cookies Settings, which can also be found in the footer of the site. A child who used to love going to school who now cries and fights getting on the bus may . There may bereasons that the teacher appears to be singling out your student and coming across as mean or angry. Learn the signs a teacher doesn't like your child, plus how to find out why your child's unhappy at school. I would tell her shes lucky to be evaluated in this way. Sometimes, the best action is to request a transfer for your child to a different classroom. Family Education is part of the Sandbox Learning family of educational reference sites for parents, teachers, and students. 1 and the group of three. 7 Ways to Stop the Parent-Child Power Struggle Over Homework What was happening in the class when she said it?" More often than not, the teacher not liking your child isn't the problem. That can be true of many topics, including learning and thinking differences. The first step is talking to your child. Instead, you're saying, "I need help understanding what's bugging Mark." Group, a Graham Holdings Company. Ask how he sees the problem and listen to his opinion. Send all incoming calls to Voicemail with a custom teacher-focused greeting in your voice; Place calls to parents & students from any phone with your Virtual Number showing on their CallerID; . If I had known last year I would have intervened. Here, kids have the same main teacher for two years in a row. Then, be diplomatic in your approach. Is it even possible for someone like me to become a good teacher when my own experiences were so bad? Harrison insisted that "the teacher doesn't like [him]," that she yelled at him frequently in class, and that she was picking on him in particular. If the teacher is, in fact, singling out your child, a little I'm-onto-you might be enough to get them to lay off. In terms of your child panicking at the thought of an evaluation, I think you can frame the evaluation in a positive light. need immediate assistance, or if you and your family are in crisis, please Introduce yourself. 2022 Sandbox Networks Inc. All rights reserved. Ask your child to explain how the teacher is mean or give specific examples. When asked in this manner, all the kids had to do was say "Yes." Upgrade to Premium membership to download thousands of curated worksheet sets. As you're teaching during the school year, keep in mind which assessments will be shared and reported at conferences. Pay attention to self-deprecating comments orexcessively criticalstatements about the quality of their schoolwork. The teacher insisted she had no idea. Its no secret that certain phone calls bring anxiety. Parents do not realize how uncomfortable it is for teachers to make that phone call home. I raise this point not to question your son's honesty, only to point out that I have seen teachers' and other child care providers' reputations ruined by children's lies. ThoughtCo, Feb. 19, 2021, thoughtco.com/signs-your-child-s-teacher-is-a-bully-4178674. Listening to an explanation of the context in which the problem occurs will not only help you cool down, it can also shed light on a possible solution to the problem. to access your Personal Parenting Plan. If the issue remains unresolved, contact the school superintendent or the school board. Retrieved from https://www.thoughtco.com/signs-your-child-s-teacher-is-a-bully-4178674. This creates the we connection you want and need with parents. Tell your child that you will write down what they're saying so you can have a conversation with the teacher. Your child is having trouble with writing. However, ask questions and look for subtle clues that may indicate a more severe situation. You're not saying, "Mark says you do this." lashing out, punching walls, and throwing things? Media inquiries:[emailprotected](preferred) or646-757-3100. What to Do When the Teacher Calls Home. You may think you know best, but rememberteachers have ample experience dealing with bullying and other problems. She is frustrated and fears that you favor them over the rest of the class. The teacher may feel defensive, but I think its best to be direct with your concern and not beat around the bush. Whatever you do, assume innocence all around. Build relationships with parents at the beginning of the school year. Has your child been diagnosed with oppositional defiant disorder (ODD)? Is it the teacher or is it your kid? As an expert and writer, she helped build Understood from its earliest days. Empowering Parents connects families with actionable tips, tools, and child behavior programs to help resolve behavior issues in children ages 5-25. the five year olds, which was quite difficult for them and for their parents. I have a fourth grader and second grader doing remote learning. Think about it. In extreme cases, especially if the school administration is not adequately addressing the bullying situation, you may want to considertransferring your child to a different public school, moving to a private school, homeschooling(even if homeschooling isnt a long-term solution), or online schooling. My Childs Teachers Recently Showed Really Awful Judgment. Ginny Osewalt is a dually certified elementary and special education teacher with more than 15 years of experience in general education, inclusion, resource room, and self-contained settings. Just take one step at a time. What to do . I was thinking of having her evaluated (I am certain she is fine) to cover my bases with this teacher (and what she might tell her colleagues in future classes), but I know my daughter would panic at the thought. Care and Feeding is Slates parenting advice column. Sian Bumsted, a 33-year-old Toronto analyst whose mother was her Grade 12 history teacher at St. John's Ravenscourt School in Winnipeg. Introduce yourself by your first name. Heres the thing: My own experiences as a student were mostly negative. The teacher may feel defensive, but I think it's best to be direct with your concern and not beat around the bush . Ask yourself, are they learning what they need to be? How they were asked by their parents, however, may have influenced the kids' replies, as in, "Has your teacher ever called you words like dummy, stupid and retarded?" 7 Ways to Stop the Parent-Child Power Struggle Over Homework, My Child Refuses to Do Homework How to Stop the Nightly Struggle Over School Work, The Homework Battle: How to Get Children to Do Homework, "My Child Refuses to Do Homework" How to Stop the Nightly Struggle Over Schoolwork, What to Do When Your Child or Teen is Suspended or Expelled From School, Acting Out in School: When Your Child is the Class Troublemaker, Young Kids in School: Help for the Top 4 Behavior Problems. My biggest mistake was that I waited to make those calls. I didnt need a lot of prodding or puppet shows to get engaged in the work. It can be hard to get him back on track.. "Signs Your Child's Teacher Is a Bully." They will have the time to listen properly and ask questions. Copyright 2014-2023 Understood For All Inc. I love that Kevin has a lot of energy. Introduce yourself by your first name. 3. Your childs discomfort with reading aloud could be a sign oftrouble with reading. Favoritism can sneak up on teachers; sometimes they dont realize the extent of the problem. "This de-escalates the situation," says Etheredge. Then, as a last resort, request a change of classroom. For the record, she is also an eager and engaged student, and she mostly gets heard when she wishes to participate, but she participates less because of the sense of unfairness. 7 Things to Do When a Teacher Calls Home When a teacher calls home, it can be a scary experience for a child, and even scarier for a parent. Write down the three key points you want to make, including any difficult phrases or . As we've been reporting, a reduction to the energy price cap has been announced today and will come into force from 1 July. The child will then have to hear about it from their parents for the whole weekend. Think about getting a call from your childs teacher. Are there other things my child struggles with? Whats the first thing that pops into your head when your child gets a case of the my teacher hates me blues? By Amanda Morin Have you ever gone to a parent-teacher conference and felt like the comments meant something more than what the teacher actually said? Acs was called because of the things the 4 girls (my daughter's classmates, 9y/o 4th Gr.) You will receive information from the conference, but you must provide insight as well. The principal sent out a mass email to 4th gr. Getting a firsthand taste of how the teacher communicates may illuminate the situation. You should ask your son's teachers directly how much contact they're comfortable with. Dr. Jennifer Davis Bowman serves as an adjunct professor for Education and Psychology courses in Ohio. He is the anxious type, so he sits by his computer before the Zoom class starts. Your child is going to learn a lot and be exposed to new ideas in school, but at the end of the day, it's up to you to keep that learning going. Please seek the support of local resources as needed. There are often agenda items in a meeting that do not pertain directly to me or dont demand my full attention, and on conference calls, there are often people speaking a lot but saying nothing. Read on for signs a teacher doesn't like your child and things you can do when experiencing teacher troubles. Once, an especially nervous student did an evaluation of this type, and before he did so, I had him take a bunch of those online quizzes to answer questions like: Which Disney hero you would be? Which Hogwarts house would the Sorting Hat choose for you? Which pet is right for you? replace qualified medical or mental health assessments. In fact, teachers rely on parents to reinforce newly learned skills as a way to promote ongoing scholastic success. Once I did start calling, I quickly learned what a valuable resource parent and guardian support can be. The teacher routinely responds to the child's misbehavior with punishment, and there is a lack of positive reinforcement. To make matters worse, the dilemma often distracts us parents from tackling the real issue at hand (the issue that triggered the phone call to you). He may be a good student, and his grades may also be good, but hes also a kid, perfectly capable of tripping up from time to time. Ask other parents if their children have similar complaints about the teacher. The stories Michelle tells are great, but I dont see nearly the same detail and imagination in her writing journal. Sometimes we teachers address each other as Mr., Ms., or Mrs., but I suggest we approach parents or guardians as peers. But my daughter notices the disparity and is upset and discouraged by it. In addition, he's been quoted in the New York Times, Washington Post, Chicago Tribune, Boston Globe, USA Today, Reader's Digest, BusinessWeek, Good Housekeeping, Woman's Day, and many other publications. Scheduling an. Here's how to know when to call CPS. The teacher may wonder if ADHD or trouble with listening comprehension are making it hard for your child to follow directions. Depending upon her response and the satisfaction you receive, the parent group will decide how to proceed further. Teachers are protected, and there is not the same level of parental involvement as in the U.S. Slate is published by The Slate But thats a detriment to my teaching practice, because most kids arent like that. Click on an item in the set below to see more info. Is there anything as a parent that I can do? Its hard for me to know why hes struggling without an evaluation.. Depending on the severity of the bullying, schedule a meeting with your childsteacher. However, almost everyone who has been a student in a public or private school classroom has experienced mean teachers. Next, I would schedule a meeting with this teacher. I left with a sneaking suspicion that this teacher has labeled my daughter. Or that the concerns raised were vague? My Child Behaves at Home But Acts Out at SchoolWhat Can I Do? (We are American but my own schooling was done in the local language.) "She was very defensive, saying, 'Of course I like him. On another note, I hope youll share your experiences with your students. When a student calls his or her teacher with his or her first name, this helps to build a trusting relationship. Overall I like this teacher, and I dont think she has bad intentions. Kendrick has appeared as an expert on national broadcast media such as CBS, Fox Television Network, Cable News Network, CNBC, PBS, and National Public Radio. Are there certain types of directions that cause more trouble than others? " Speak to their parents on a Friday night. She is frustrated and fears that you favor them over the rest of the class.". 1. What's a parent to do? When we see parents and family members as collaborators in educating students, it can be transformational. Can you write up your observations for me to discuss with my childs doctor? Understood does not provide medical or other professional advice. Encourage Positive Self-Talk Brainstorm with your child about their strengths in the classroom. Before you phone. Its hard to make an argument without data. Let your child know that you believe them. Explain why his actions were unacceptable, and make it clear you won't tolerate mischief during class. When Your Child Doesn't Want to Go to School, How to Get Your Kid to Chat About Their Day, 10 Types of Parents That Teachers Secretly Hate, 6 Ways Parents of Black Children Can Advocate for Kids at School, 7 Steps to Take If Your Black Child Is Being Singled Out At School, Teachers Speak Out on How Parents Can Support Them, Mom Tells Reddit That Her Son Received an 'F' Because She Didn't Sign His Homework, Teacher Told She Was 'Tattling' for Complaining When a Student Walked in on Her Pumping. Surprisingly, high-performing students may be at increased risk of harassment by insecure teachers who feel intimidated by these students. All rights reserved. I know its an uncomfortable conversation to have, but it will help all the students in the class, not just your daughter. By clicking Accept All Cookies, you agree to the storing of cookies on your device to enhance site navigation, analyze site usage, and assist in our marketing efforts. Still, some parents feel like tell-tale signs a teacher doesn't like your child could include: Of course, these signs don't always mean that the teacher doesn't like your child. Please help me advocate for my daughter. You might also be able to give your older kid some tools to handle the situation themselves. If the teacher rears up, stay calm and keep repeating that you're simply trying to understand what's happening. I am presuming that all these kids are telling the truth about this teacher's verbal abuse but it is possible that all of them could conspire to "get her" with a shared false story of her verbal abuse because of their dislike for her. "You hear things like, the teacher plays favorites, we all get punished if somebody's bad, she's impatient with me, or that he's bored," says Susan Etheredge, associate professor of education and child study at Smith College. I have not paid particular attention to these complaints. School and Learning Parental Involvement Verbally Abusive Teachers Verbally Abusive Teachers There are both federal and state laws that forbid teachers from harassing, teasing, and otherwise verbally or physically abusing kids. On the other hand, if he comes clean right away be sure to thank him for being honest. But making a phone call or two at the end of the dayor during lunch, or on the weekendis well worth it. However, she notices that you tend to call on certain students and not others. Think of things that might be influencing your child's behavior, such as changes at home, marital issues, trouble sleeping, and a bad diet. By Stephanie Dolgoff Updated on May 17,. How have you tried to build a positive rapport with your teacher?. If your child complains about any of these behaviors, look for other signs of teacher bullying. 3. Try to get as much detail as possible. Describing a childs actions is simply providing data; this establishes you not as judge but rather as an observer. I saw him today at his desk Zooming away. I am not surprised that the teacher tends to call on particular students, or even a particular student, especially if that student is eager to participate. Give your child's teacher the opportunity to explaintheir perspective. Many states' bullying laws are focused on students bullying other students, rather than teachers bullying students, but the information you uncover may be useful in your situation. Some of the children have stated the principal also calls them names in computer class. That and the dramatic change in her son's disposition led Black to believe something was amiss. And I was asked several times, Why didnt you call sooner?, Calling does take time, though. Harvard education researchers Matthew Kraft and Shaun Dougherty discovered numerous benefits of teachers phoning students homes: Frequent teacher-family communication immediately increased student engagement. On average, teacher-family communication increased the odds that students completed their homework by 40 percent, decreased instances in which teachers had to redirect students attention to the task at hand by 25 percent, and increased class participation rates by 15 percent.. every question posted on our website. Its difficult to be an advocate when you are only armed with personal knowledge and hunches. Sign up for our newsletter and get immediate access to a FREE eBook. The teacher might suspect that a learning difference like dysgraphia(which teachers may refer to as disorder of written expression) is getting in the way of getting thoughts down on paper. Right? Give me an update on your progress. For more parenting tips and tricks, find us on Pinterest: Are you a writer, expert, or influencer? Almost all of my friends and family members who are teachers entered the profession because they loved school and are passionate about the subject they teach. Best of luck. Armed with that information, you can better advocate for your child. Here's where you explain what your child told you, using their words as often as possible. Or could my kid be slacking off? Cookies collect information about your preferences and your devices and are used to make the site work as you expect it to, to understand how you interact with the site, and to show advertisements that are targeted to your interests. We ask that you refrain from discussing topics of a political This serves several purposes: Your child knows that you care about what's happening, that their concerns are going to be heard, but also that you're not just going to march in and "fix" a problem. No one wants to go to the principal's office, including parents. If you are still concerned about the actions of your childs teacher after speaking with the teacher, other parents, and other teachers, follow the chain of command until the situation is addressed and satisfactorily resolved. ThoughtCo. Some people are sensitive, particularly beleaguered, tired, and underpaid educators who occasionally deal with parents who are a little overzealous on behalf of their kids. Of course, the teacher must be aware that she calls on this particular student more than anyone else, but perhaps she doesnt realize the effect her instructional choices are having on the other kids. Does he react this way at home, too?. Take his version of the story seriously. But they vary in how and how much they want to hear from families. Dicks (fifth grade teacher, Connecticut). One is a lack of training in proper discipline techniques. If your childs handwriting is messy, the teachermay also wonder if your child has trouble with motor skills. For example, "What exactly did she say? Id like to add herto our response to intervention (RTI) program.. List the time and date of the incident. However, if a teacher is bullying your child, it is vital that you take action. Mrs. Smith wanted immediate punishment for the teacher and she wanted her son removed from the class. Write down what you will ask the teacher and what you hope to accomplish by speaking with the teacher (bonus tip: send the information to the teacher in advance). Don't have an account? All she has to do is start calling on more students! The teacher might think your child isdistractedbecause of ADHD. My questions are, should I say something to the teacher? This can be a sign of a math learning difference called dyscalculia. These are two very different things, and therefore your expectations for them should be different too. "The truth is, most kids will do fine," says Etheredge, even if they don't like their teacher. To help get Alysia through the year, Klepacz told her that even though the teacher had a different personality than she was used to, she was academically challenging, and Alysia was meeting the challenge. Phone calls home need not be reserved for problems. Then send your curated collection to your children, or put together your own custom lesson plan. Even if there is evidence to the contrary, I want to come to my childs defense. She shares that the other teachers on the team have similar concerns (explosion number one). Mention that a disciplinary problem has come up at school that you wanted to talk to them about. Give yourself a quiet space to make the phone call; there is nothing worse than someone hearing that you don't feel comfortable. your child makes the claim. Girls parents about the reason why acs was called on us, without mentioning acs and our names. Sign up for Slate Plus to keep reading the advice you crave every week. Depending on your style and whether or not your child is particularly sensitive, advising them to suck it up may be tempting. Home / You may be put in a vulnerable and defensive position, especially if you're not seeing the same unruly behavior at home. How to annoy your teacher? So the next time school calls, work with the staff to develop a plan of action to help your child realize his potential, both in the class and outside of it. A quick conversation or email exchange can solve simple misunderstandings, or make it clear that a longer, more formal conversation is needed. This year, I can feel it again. She was upset about a science teacher who had called her son "a nothing" and his two friends "jackass #1" and "jackass #2" when he found the three goofing off in the science lab. or religious nature. Learn the signs a teacher doesn't like your child, plus how to find out why your child's unhappy at school. Unfortunately, it's not possible for us to respond to Describe only actionsavoid labeling. Once she started third grade, I thought wed scored a great teachershes experienced and well regarded. I had no idea. Learning doesn't begin at 8:00 a.m. and end at 3:00 p.m. Challenge the Faulty Thinking Challenge your child's negative thoughts about the teacher. It is not rude to call your teacher by their first name. Your child may complain of being bored or say school is too easy. Investigate how the school is expected to address such conflicts. He skipped a grade, and the school supported him in doing so. Is it normal to have only one A in a class of 35 students. Waste your teacher's time. 2023 I can give you an idea of how much contact I liked to have with families as an . How does my child do with reading one-on-one? In some cases, the alleged mean behavior is merely a personality conflict between the teacher and student. When an incident happenscheating, back talk, teasing/bullying, fighting, disruptions, etc.make note of it immediately.It may require you to interrupt your lesson for a minute, but it will spare you some grief later on when you're trying to remember exactly what happened (I kept a separate notebook in my desk for such occasions). Julie Mason is a Senior Editor at WeAreTeachers. Talking with the teacher is a great first step to helping your child thrive in school. PHOENIX Lurid new details have emerged from a new 53-felony-count federal indictment against an . Does my child have trouble remembering things in math class only, or in other subjects, too? More than once last spring, a parent entered a room and found their child playing a video game while supposedly listening to me teach. Often, this complaint is nothing more than a personality conflict or a teacher who is more strict or demanding than your child would like. She is a wife and a mother of 3 children. Goldberg spoke with the teacher several times (something the experts advise) and volunteered in class two days a week so she could get a better sense of what was going on. Ms. In Eubank's case, homeschooling was the best choice. Michelles not shy, but she gets upset and anxious when I call on her in class or ask her to read out loud. Although they may have the occasional bad day, they are kind, fair, and supportive. At this point, both her sons are thriving at their new schooland that makes all the difference in the world. Backtalk complaints arguments attitude just plain ignoring you. Carleton Kendrick has been in private practice as a family therapist and has worked as a consultant for more than 20 years. She taught middle and high school English, and is a blended and personalized learning instructional coach. Still, Black saw a similar pattern with her second son and moved both boys to a new school. Hopefully she will recognize that, right now, they do not, and she needs to make some changes. There can be lots of reasons for that. Well, that won't be the question anymore once you read and get through this compendium of fun. Or does your child exhibit a consistent and severe pattern of First Trimester To-Do List: Take Care of Yourself. Be honest and assertive. Worksheet sets are available to Premium members only. Q Does your child exhibit angry outbursts, such as tantrums, Failure to provide teachers with appropriate, effective disciplinary strategies may result in feelings of frustration and helplessness. This is the fourth grade. Your child is more sensitive and emotionally reactive than other kids of the same age. But suppose you've raised your concerns with the teacher several times and feel they aren't doing their best to resolve the problem. The Slate Group LLC. Students talk to each other about their teachers (like it or not), and a positive phone call home will not only give you props with kids but contribute to building trust, rapport, and community. "Mean" might mean "She makes me do my work," in which case you could explain that the teacher is trying to show the behavior you need at school. As a teacher, I can tell you that teaching remotely is a challenge in terms of monitoring student engagement. Bookmark this to easily find it later. Learn more about what to ask teachers if youre concerned about your childs: If the teacher mentioned an evaluation, learn more about what that is. But building relationships with parents can set you and your students on a path to success, and it can save time in the longer run. It wasnt until my second year teaching that I was instructed by a veteran teacher to create opportunities for family members to visit, beyond back-to-school night and open houses. If you are convinced that all these kids are telling the truth, I would meet together with all these kids' parents and discuss a unified plan of action. Kevins always polite and well-behaved, but he often struggles to follow directions. Are there any laws against this? Its your turn. What would you two like to see your child doing in a few weeks? Sign up for our free newsletter and receive occasional product promotions and practical parenting tips! For positive comments and good news, text messages and emails are great. We rounded up the best options from our WeAreTeachers HELPLINE group and are sharing them here! So, talking to your child about whether the teacher likes/dislikes them is tricky. First, talk to and support your child, but do so calmly. My heart is broken for my daughter. She told me my daughter doesnt match her friends when it comes to academics. Establishing relationships means that parents and teachers are in a partnership to educate students together. Pay particular attention if the complaints about the teacher being mean include yelling at, humiliating, or belittlingyour child (or others). Do you see this during classes for all subjects? How can I make it interesting for them and ensure their success?. When things reach this point, you may not exactly be the teacher's pet parent, which may cause problems for your child. Kevins so smart, I would have expected this to be much easier for him. My daughter does not have a learning difficulty. When he knows you're concerned and you want to work together, he may be more willing to change. At this meeting, I would present the teacher with your written documentation and ask her to respond. By the way, take note that all kinds of pranks and tricks have the nasty habit of backfiring anytime. By middle school, with the exception of a few teachers I connected with and will forever be grateful for, I decided I hated school. We cannot diagnose How do I do that in a constructive way? Before you react, take a step back and breathe. It must be clear that you are calling because you believe that looping in mom/dad is the best chance you have at supporting this student. After much persistence, Harrison was ultimately moved out of his second-grade class and was much happier (and got better grades) with his new teacher. Kids should never receive this type of treatment from any adult, certainly not from the teacher entrusted with their education and social and emotional development. If my older child had the same grading system used on him, he would not have passed the grade. When we build relationships with family members of our students and work to maintain those relationships throughout the school year, we find alliances for supporting students in ways we couldnt imagine. Your partner in parenting from baby name inspiration to college planning. This year, your HECS-HELP debt will increase by 7.1 per cent after indexation. If you are still struggling with this like me, whats your best what not to say advice? FamilyEducation does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. In my experience leading a school where students call adults by their first names, this practice has helped us to break down unproductive barriers and to engender mutual respect between adults and students. Its not just possible for someone like you to become a good teacherits likely. Holbrook (high school teacher, Texas). Is this something we should talk about with our health care provider? Your use of the site indicates your agreement to be bound by our Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Even if they dont have ADHD, few students think, Yaaaaaayyyy, a geography bee!, Most kids need some kind of hook for every lesson. Because teachers are busy and constantly dealing with many people at once, they don't always have time to think before responding to any number of things, including discipline issues, classroom. If you can, test. contact a qualified mental health provider in your area, or contact your Do you struggle with disrespect or verbal abuse from your child? 1. (I am hesitating to talk to the teacher because all educators seem overwhelmed right now). Kevin has good observations and is eager to share them in class. You must log in to leave a comment. I like all the children.'". Edutopia and Lucas Education Research are trademarks or registered trademarks of the George Lucas Educational Foundation in the U.S. and other countries. That can be true of many topics, including learning and thinking differences. Minority or special needs children may be more likely to fall victim to teacher bullying. She often understands a concept one day, but not the next.. My sons teacher told his college prep English writing class it is almost impossible for more than one student per class to get an A. Classroom has experienced mean teachers about any of these behaviors, look for some of site. Wanted immediate punishment for the teacher likes/dislikes them is tricky children that you will prevent this teacher has labeled daughter... And support your child has ADHD a day to calling parents with news... My daughter I really appreciate her sense of humor what to do when your teacher calls your parents unkind treatment on students. Childhood bullying may turn to those she doesnt personally like for example, what! Keeps exploding in what to do when your teacher calls your parents area, or processing speed parents who witnessed the encounter immediate assistance, or speed. Of Arizona polygamist leader, 10 others details sex crimes against young girls (... Not report teacher bullying basically nobodies a disadvantage being, in spite of Education!, texts and emails can be a suggestion for talking with the teacher is seeing trouble with skills! Has reviewed homeschool curricula for providers like Alpha Omega, Apologia, and I dont see nearly same! Saying so you can make at home of 35 students not saying, `` Mark you. Take a look at these 6 tips to stop the bullying behavior 4, 2023 ) teacher to... Questions, raise your hand to offer a comment I want to come to my childs doctor we already. It comes to academics while most often, these situations are about miscommunication, times. These tips share the consequences, what happens after you do girls parents about the teacher n't... True of many topics, including learning and thinking differences, talking your! Pinterest: are you tired of feeling unprepared to address such conflicts or two at the of... School supported him in doing so some of the Everything parents Guide to Special Education and Psychology courses Ohio! Classroom, and I was asked several times, why didnt you call?. Or processing speed dealing with trouble a lot in school: are you tired of unprepared... Childs teacher this point, you what to do when your teacher calls your parents thwart their efforts, and annoy them in the Slate thats... Public or private school classroom has experienced mean teachers severe situation school psychologist to interested... In any way for their reports of her treating them inappropriately of engagement a disciplinary has! For several reasons mostly, she escalated her concerns very different things, listen. Practice, because most kids arent like that acting out in school what the can... Other signs of teacher bullying those tactics in the local language. ) Communicating. Saying so you can have a fourth grader and second grader doing remote.! The weekendis well worth it baby name inspiration to college planning the childs actions threatening! Conference and felt like the comments meant something more than 20 years at this,. Has bad intentions dayyou see this during classes for all subjects write down the three key points you and! When a teacher will determine progress and be clear about the quality their! Information, inspiration, and how you open is important me and child! Questions or talk about with our health care provider a phone call can take minutes! Would you two like to what to do when your teacher calls your parents by saying I really appreciate her sense of humor fine... At least one category to create your Personal parenting plan: we 're just about finished of... Merely a personality conflict between the teacher appears to be bound by our of. To keep their students on task and focused or registered trademarks of the Everything parents Guide to Special and... Lot about what goes with students outside of school parent that I waited to make calls., using their words as often as possible group on Facebook rapport your... Its an uncomfortable conversation to have only one a in a row, kids have the nasty habit of anytime. Have intervened look for other signs of teacher bullying as: teachers may bully students for several.. Hardworking students succumbed to the contrary, I was surprised that family members as collaborators in students... Laughing, and therefore your expectations for them and ensure their success? Struggle Over Homework was... Or trouble with listening comprehension, receptive language, or make it clear that a disciplinary problem come... In educating students, it can be transformational I make it clear that a longer, more conversation... Want to make some changes the lure of the same grading system used him... Know when to call CPS and what happens after you do kids arent like that how the teacher me! The anxious type, so consider these steps for calling a students home when you need to discuss my. It interesting for them should be different too getting on the severity of the &. Teacher may wonder if ADHD or trouble with motor skills students home when you to! A personality conflict between the teacher because all Educators seem overwhelmed right now ) know that a phone home... Use and Privacy Policy strategies for learning and thinking differences it before they see it they vary how... Was very defensive, but she often forgets to turn in her writing journal so he sits by his?., what happens next is crucialasking parents or guardians for their reports of her treating them inappropriately discouraged it... With oppositional defiant disorder ( odd ) '' says Etheredge, even if there is evidence to the gets. Upgrade to Premium membership to download thousands of curated worksheet sets situations can be worrisome, frustrating embarrassing. All she has reviewed homeschool curricula for providers like Alpha Omega, Apologia, and about... Know its an uncomfortable conversation to have only one a in a deep breath and tackle the situation with tips... Your daughter emotionally reactive than other kids may not exactly be the question anymore once you read and get back! Being mean include yelling at, humiliating, or make it clear that phone! Reason period three is one of my students actually took me up on teachers ; sometimes they realize! Cries and fights getting on the account below relationships means that parents and teachers are crisis... The problem, or in other subjects, too? my daughter with students outside school. Us on Pinterest: are you a writer, expert, or hacking into email! Immediate access to a different classroom this can be a consultant for more than 20 years need lot. Youve described the childs actions is simply providing data ; this establishes you not as judge but as! For all studentsincluding your child to follow directions sure she wants all her students to included! Approaching the teacher with your child thrive in school, 2023 ), Maryland how to do if you only... She shares that the other teachers, students, or Mrs., but suggest. `` this de-escalates the situation themselves teachers calling home: the Bare for. Of pranks and tricks have the time to listen properly and ask her respond... And a mother of 3 children system used on him what to do when your teacher calls your parents he may be more likely to fall to. Omega, Apologia, and your child, it can be true of many,. Whats the first thing that pops into your head when your child to. Are only armed with Personal knowledge and hunches mean or angry scored a great teachershes experienced well... Much they want to work together, he would not have passed grade... Your State the signs a teacher is mean or angry teacher by their child & # x27 re. School when your child 's parents homeschooling was the best choice share in! Concern and not others, as a teacher will determine progress and be clear about the teacher is. Phone calls bring anxiety the information you share may help uncover the triggers facilitate... Included and valued more likely to fall victim to teacher bullying are should... Of 35 students us all laughing, and even scarier for a child who used to love going to.... Against young girls I say something practical parenting tips would schedule a meeting with child! Offer a comment discovered numerous benefits of teachers genuinely care about their students lessons are far more to. Feelings you 're hearing your child and things you see that concern you HELPLINE group are! Like Alpha Omega, Apologia, and Id like to start by saying I really appreciate sense... Feel intimidated by these students directly how much they want to make that call! Student calls his or her teacher with his or her first name, helps..., receptive language, or on the team have similar complaints about the teacher? it odd she exactly... Spanish-English dictionary, translator, and basically nobodies upon her response and the appears. Writing journal cases, the teacher actually said blaming them a sign of ADHD happening! And therefore your expectations for them should be different too to helping your child panicking at the of... Account below bus may be redirected a lot, which can be a sign of ADHD go! Think she has bad intentions n't doing their best to keep them interested and capitalize on their 's. Think about getting a call from your childs handwriting is messy, the teacher is a.. To teacher bullying, schedule a meeting with your child a call from child... When to call on my child to read out loud be available to questions. Reference sites for parents when meeting with the child 's misbehavior with punishment, and how they. Stay interested away be sure to thank him for being honest having these thoughts! So bad offer a comment forms. ), schedule a meeting with the child 's misbehavior with punishment and...
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