As such, the city's center features a museum and monument marking the equator. The four main biomes are forest, savanna, grassland, and desert. the great circle of the earth that is equidistant from the North Pole and South Pole. This diplomatic conflict has been nicknamed the New Cold War or simply the Race for the Arctic. The exclusive economic zones of Russia, Norway, Denmark, Iceland, Greenland, Canada, and the United States extend to 200 nautical miles off their coasts. Scarcer food sources also drive polar bears into more contact with human populations, often relying on trash heaps for nutrition. Relative location refers to the location of a place in relation to other places, rather than in terms of absolute coordinates. 453 lessons. The relative location of a mountain range might be described as being located to the west of a particular valley, or as being located to the north of a particular lake. Cultural and social factors: Cultural and social factors, such as traditions, customs, and social networks, can also influence the dispersion of rural populations. Economic opportunities: The availability of economic opportunities, such as jobs and market access, can also influence the dispersion of rural populations. Latitude is measured in degrees, with the, Latitude is important because it determines the, Location of meridians is indicated by longitude, Meridians are spaced evenly around the earth, with each meridian being about 69 miles (111 kilometers) apart at the equator. Grades 5 - 8 Subjects Geography, Geographic Information Systems (GIS), Physical Geography Photograph Between Hemispheres At the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, England, a brass strip marks zero degrees longitude. Together, these coordinates uniquely identify the location of any place on the surface of the Earth. The extent of sea ice in the Arctic is shrinking. The pursuit of the Northwest Passage, which would save untold time and money in trade between Europe and Asia, drove Arctic exploration during the Age of Discovery. Create your account. Thus, it is a good compromise between circles and squares. The transition from day to night takes only a few minutes. They can create barriers to communication and trade, as people may have difficulty traveling over or around the barriers. Interestingly, in Brazil a stadium was built where the half-way line is the equator. The Fang people of Gabon, for instance, are successful farmers who take advantage of the warm temperature and long rainy season to cultivate crops such as corn, yams, and plantains. Definition. Situation refers to the location of a place in relation to other places and features. In the 20th century, the Aymara helped build railroads through the high, equatorial Andes.Many plant and animal species thrive in equatorial climates. The earliest known urban settlements originated in Mesopotamia, which was located in the Fertile Crescent region of Southwest Asia. Topographic barriers can have a number of impacts on human activity and settlement patterns. Well, the imaginary line where the northern and southern hemispheres meet is the equator. The projection that results is depicted in this image. To unlock this lesson you must be a Study.com Member. This line may also be marked as latitude 0. Have you ever seen a map the size of America? There is a bar line marked on the map to show how much actual distance is covered. Primary consumers across the region range from tiny lemmings to enormous muskoxen. Most scientists define the Arctic as the area within the Arctic Circle, a line of latitude about 66.5 north of the Equator. This is why it going to be quite a bit warmer in Quito, Ecuador than let's say, Canada. National Geographic Society is a 501 (c)(3) organization. -Human - How humans interact with their environment. This line sits at 0 latitude, making it the reference point when travelers, map-makers, or anyone else needs to determine the latitudinal location of an object on Earth. An equator is an imaginary line around the middle of a planet or other celestial body. Following sunset on the September equinox, the Earths tilted axis and its revolution around the sun reduce the light and heat reaching the Arctic until no sunlight penetrates the darkness at all. Louis Wirth stated that the difference between rural and urban settlements depends on the density of human-created structures. The Arctic experiences the extremes of solar radiation. The length of the Equator is about 40,000 km (24,900 miles). Housing or other shelter, for example, poses unusual challenges for Arctic peoples. Large-scale maps, such as those used for city or street maps, have a small scale and show a lot of detail. As one moves north or south in latitude from the equator the Earth's circumference is reduced and thus the speed of rotation decreases slightly. A map scale is a way to represent the relationship between distances on a map and the actual distances on the ground. Above the Equator is a zone of low atmospheric pressure called the intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ), which occurs as a wide belt ofconvergingtrade winds and rising air that encircles the planet. The region of Earth where the equator crosses is closest to the sun making these regions some of the hottest places on Earth. This coloring helps camouflage them in heavy snow and ice. On globes, you see the equator as a big line going around the Earth's middle when its axis of rotation is held vertically. Text on this page is printable and can be used according to our Terms of Service. Map scales can vary greatly, depending on the, The number on the left of the ratio is always the units of distance on the map, The number on the right is always the unit of distance on Earths surface. Possibilism. Market access: Farms with good access to markets, such as those located near urban centers or transportation routes, may be more productive than those that are isolated or have limited market access. Geodesy and the Size and Shape of the Planet Earth, Major Lines of Latitude and Longitude on a World Map, Trade Winds, Horse Latitudes, and the Doldrums, M.A., Geography, California State University - East Bay, B.A., English and Geography, California State University - Sacramento. Insects such as mosquitoes and moths are common, especially as icemelt creates ponds during spring and summer. Introduction: Geography is more than rote memorization: Geographers ask where things are and why they are where they are. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. In some cases, topographic barriers can be overcome through the construction of roads, bridges, or tunnels, which can facilitate the movement of people and goods. This means that Antarctica and Greenland look much larger than they . Because the equator doesn't change much in terms of its location from the sun, the number of daylight hours remains pretty much the same for the whole year. Okay, so theres a good reason why maps arent as big as the actual area they are depicting. The word equator means an invisible line that is equally distant between the two poles of any spinning planet or star, including our solar system's sun. Geography was therefore the study o f how the physical environment caused human activities. Areas with good infrastructure may be more accessible and attractive to people, leading to more concentrated settlement patterns. The Fertile Crescent was an area that stretched from the eastern Mediterranean coast to the Persian Gulf, and it was characterized by a mild climate, fertile soils, and an abundant water supply, which made it ideal for agriculture and the development of early civilizations. The position that something occupies on Earth, Uses coordinates from latitude and longitude or addresses, Location in reference to other known locations, Location of a place relative to other places, Geometric or regular arrangement of something in an area, Straight pattern or a pattern along straight lines, Clustered or concentrated at a certain place, Pattern without a specific order of logic behind arrangement, LEFT ARROW - move card to the Don't know pile. It is the invisible line that separates planets and stars equally into the northern and southern hemispheres. See more. Look at the large card and try to recall what is on the other side. If no button appears, you cannot download or save the media. The, Meridians are important because they are used to. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. 2023 Fiveable Inc. All rights reserved. A map is a generalization or representation of the real world -Geoid: actual shape of the Earth which is round and oblate (slightly squashed) Maps contain distortions: cannot represent the three-dimensional Earth on a flat surface without reconfiguration from correct shape/reality Maps continue The Equator is the invisible line that runs around the center of Earth at zero degrees latitude. Your LAP is horizontal. The first part of the word equator is similar to the word equal. to send you a reset link. Encyclopedic Entry Vocabulary The Arctic is the northernmost region of Earth. You would need to create a new account. See our The poles are at 90 degrees north and south. The New Dictionary of Cultural Literacy, Third Edition To unlock this lesson you must be a Study.com Member. Latitude is a measure of distance north or south of the equator, while longitude is a measure of distance east or west of the Prime Meridian, which is an imaginary line that runs from the North Pole to the South Pole through the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, England. As their length decreases, they do not all pass through the center of the Earth. While planning for your trip to Ecuador you do some research. If you have questions about how to cite anything on our website in your project or classroom presentation, please contact your teacher. The rotational speed, or spin, at the Arctic Circle is slower than the spin at the Tropic of Cancer, because the circumference of the Arctic Circle is much smaller and a point doesn't have to travel as far to complete a revolution. The mountain range includes a desert with almost no rain (the Atacama), as well as some of the tallest peaks on Earth. Temperatures in most places are generally warm with high humidity for the whole year. In the winter, machinery can freeze, and the frozen ground becomes too hard to drill. (Mathematics) a circle dividing a sphere or other surface into two equal symmetrical parts 3. There are a total of 360 meridians, representing the 360 degrees of longitude. So, this means that for travel to Quito, Ecuador, you'll probably want to pack some short sleeves and perhaps some cool pants or shorts. The equator is the imaginary line that divides the southern and northern hemispheres of planets, suns, and other astronomical objects. It is also the least salty, due to low evaporation and huge influxes of freshwater from rivers and glaciers. These early urban settlements played a central role in the development of early civilizations, and they continue to be important centers of culture, trade, and commerce today. Cartograms. This is defined as any circle drawn on a sphere (or an oblate spheroid) with a center that includes the center of that sphere. Thats where scaling comes into play. Central place theory has been used to study the spatial organization of cities and towns, and it has been influential in shaping urban planning and development. A similar circle on the surface of any celestial body. Without sea ice, polar bears cannot catch enough seals to survive their annual winter fast. However, the closer to the poles that one travels, the more distorted the map . Currents carry sea ice south, however, as it breaks up. Do you know how to answer the questions that cause some of the greatest grammar debates? Enrolling in a course lets you earn progress by passing quizzes and exams. The Rights Holder for media is the person or group credited. Definition. These "festivals" range from some pretty raucous events onboard naval and other vessels to fun parties for passengers on pleasure cruise ships. Amanda Cline has taught high school English, mythology and etymology, as well as writing and storytelling classes for authors. Hmm, knowing this, you decide to hold off on your trip to Quito until September or March so that you can see for yourself what it's like to not have a shadow. All content on this website, including dictionary, thesaurus, literature, geography, and other reference data is for informational purposes only. the great circle of the earth with a latitude of 0, lying equidistant from the poles; dividing the N and S hemispheres, a circle dividing a sphere or other surface into two equal symmetrical parts. This "pudgy basketball' shape comes from a combination of Earth's gravity and its rotation. Study concepts, example questions & explanations for AP Human Geography. Near the poles, Earth's rotational speed, or spin, is near zero. In other cases, topographic barriers may be insurmountable, and they may shape the settlement patterns and economic activities of an area in significant ways. It is about three leagues wide and is forty-four and one half degrees from the Equator. Over time, these early urban settlements grew and expanded, and they played a central role in the development of early civilizations and the spread of culture and ideas throughout the world. His boss, who he admires, is waiting to meet with him about the big project. Logic might indicate that polar bears would migrate further north as their traditional range heats up. There are many differences between rural and urban settlements, including population density, economic structure, and cultural characteristics. These barriers can include mountains, rivers, valleys, and other types of terrain that make it difficult or impossible to pass through an area. Planet Earth is a roundish planet. Crossing the LineSailors have elaborate rituals and celebrations when they cross the Equator, which they call crossing the line. As it spins, Earth flattens just a bit, making diameter at the equator 42.7 km larger than the diameter of the planet from pole to pole. The equatorial bulge affects the ocean, toosea levels are slightly higher in equatorial regions than near the poles.The equatorial bulge is created by Earth's rotation. Terms of Service. The first cities in these regions arose around 4000 BC and were characterized by a number of innovations, including the development of writing, the use of bronze and iron tools, and the construction of complex systems of irrigation and water management. William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1979, 1986 HarperCollins Breaking point. Create your own quizlet deck and study these dates! Publishers 1998, 2000, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2012. The Arctic is almost entirely covered by water, much of it frozen. These storehouses, which resemble log cabins, are notable for being elevated on stilts, centimeters or even meters from the ground. The equator is distinct from the rest of the globe in its physical environment as well as its geographic characteristics. https://www.thoughtco.com/geography-of-the-earths-equator-1435536 (accessed June 5, 2023). An imaginary circle around the Earth, equidistant from the North Pole and South Pole. Changing Climate in the Arctic Climate change is radically redefining the geography, biodiversity, and political units of the Arctic. 1996 - 2023 National Geographic Society. But it's definitely a short easy trip out of Quito to get there. It divides the Earth into the Northern and Southern hemispheres and is the basis from which latitude is measured. Consequently, land and sea areas both directly above and adjacent to the Equator are characterized by frequent cloudiness and thunderstorm activity and heavy rainfall. Copyright 2005 by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. What is Geography? The sun rises again during the March equinox, and increases the light and heat reaching the Arctic. 2023 Fiveable Inc. All rights reserved. For hundreds of years, for instance, European and Asian explorers interacted with Inuit communities in the Canadian Arctic, searching for the North Pole and the elusive Northwest Passage. (The Northwest Passage is a sea route connecting the North Pacific and North Atlantic ocean basins.) This information should not be considered complete, up to date, and is not intended to be used in place of a visit, consultation, or advice of a legal, medical, or any other professional. Organic nutrients are thus recycled into the marine ecosystem of the Arctic. Earth's land vegetation includes four major forms of plant communities, called biomes. 2023 Fiveable Inc. All rights reserved. For astronomers, the extension of the equator out to space marks the celestial equator. Other well-known landmarks with absolute locations include the Pyramids of Giza in Egypt, which are located at 29.9792 N, 31.1342 E, and the Great Wall of . Animal hides covered these poles, and snow provided excellent insulation. Polar bears that do survive are less likely to produce healthy offspring, reducing the population over generations. All rights reserved. In astronomy the celestial equator is the great circle in which the plane of the terrestrial Equator intersects the celestial sphere; it consequently is equidistant from the celestial poles. Indigenous Arctic communities face tremendous challenges, often the result of colonization and exploitation of land and energy resources. This article was most recently revised and updated by, National Geographic - Education - Equator, Equator - Children's Encyclopedia (Ages 8-11), Equator - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up). (Physical Geography) the great circle of the earth with a latitude of 0, lying equidistant from the poles; dividing the N and S hemispheres 2. Cookies collect information about your preferences and your devices and are used to make the site work as you expect it to, to understand how you interact with the site, and to show advertisements that are targeted to your interests. The United States launches most spacecraft from the Kennedy Space Center in southern Florida, which is almost as close to the Equator as possible in the continental U.S. Other rocket-launching facilities near the Equator include Shaba North, Democratic Republic of Congo, and Gan Island, Maldives.Recently, mobile launch platforms, such as Ocean Odyssey, have successfully launched satellites into orbit from the equatorial Pacific Ocean.Equatorial ClimatesTwice a year, during the spring and autumn equinoxes, the sun passes directly over the Equator. Relative location: Position on Earth's surface relative to other features. It takes less energy (rocket fuel) to launch in lower gravity. Latitude lines are horizontal, Longitude lines are vertical. The historically nomadic Sami (an indigenous people of Scandinavia and northwestern Russia) also built temporary tent-like structures, called lavvu. An equator divides the planet into a northern hemisphere and a southern hemisphere.Earth is widest at its Equator. - Definition, Types & Examples, What is a Convex Polygon? A cylindrical projection map is the most common type of map that we see. Every planet and star in the sky has an equator. The situation of a place can influence its access to markets, resources, and other opportunities, and it can also shape the way in which people interact with the surrounding region. Oh, and sunscreen and an umbrella. Let's see what kind of weather to expect. The Fang also raise livestock that have adapted to the climate, such as goats and chickens.Not all equatorial regions are hot and humid, however. A solstice is an event in which a planet 's poles are most extremely inclined toward or away from the star it orbits. 1. How humans adjust to the challenges posed by the physical environment. More than half the population of Nunavut identifies as Inuit, and Inuktitut is the most-spoken language. Race for the ArcticAlmost all Arctic nations are scrambling to assert authority over the rich resources of the Arctic. The measurements suggest that the asteroids rubble pile is unevenly distributed along its surface and is especially light at the asteroids equator. The ship, filled with more than 1,500 tourists, made the journey in three weeks. Central Place Theory, Site vs. Situation, 2 Urban Settlement Theories, Rural vs. Urban Settlements. Sea ice helps determine Earths climate. Polar bears follow the sea ice habitat, and so their range has actually drifted south. Much of the equatorial region is also characterized as being humid. This food sources impacts the health of polar bears and increases the incidents of conflict with human communities in the Arctic. Diverse life is abundant in all of these places, from the thriving city streets of Quito, Ecuador, to the tropical island paradise of the Maldives and the rich Amazon rainforest. What Caused the Battle of Little Bighorn? Longitude lines are not based on a natural marker. Yes, you can live on the equator. Alaskas North Slope contains 6% of the largest oil fields in the United States and one of the 100 largest natural gas fields. Latitude is a measurement on a globe or map of location north or south of the Equator. If no button appears, you cannot download or save the media. Human geographers examine the spatial distribution of human populations, religions, languages, ethnicities, political systems, economics, urban dynamics, and other components of human activity. Inuit bands in Canada and Greenland, for example, engineered snow housesmore commonly known as igloos. 36 chapters | The Equator is an imaginary line around the middle of Earth. On planet Earth the equator passes through these 13 countries. Other lines of latitude north and south of the equator are not great circles because they shrink as they move toward the poles. Both site and situation are important considerations in the study of geography and can have significant impacts on the development and character of a place. Learn the definition of the equator and where it is located on a map. Earth's equatorial bulge is about 43 kilometers (27 miles).The equatorial bulge means that people standing at sea level near the poles are closer to the center of Earth than people standing at sea level near the Equator. Amy has a master's degree in secondary education and has been teaching math for over 9 years. Any astronomical object that rotates on an axis will have an equator that goes around the object right in the middle when its spinning axis is vertical. Mediterranean climate, major climate type of the Kppen classification characterized by hot, dry summers and cool, wet winters and located between about 30 and 45 latitude north and south of the Equator and on the western sides of the continents. While the equator passes mainly through the ocean, there are thirteen countries that the equator passes through. His boss, whom he admires, is waiting to meet with him about the big project. The plight of polar bears, for example, has become a symbol of global warming in the Arctic due to the cascading impacts of sea ice loss. She holds a Certificate of Advanced Study in Geographic Information Systems (GIS) from California State University. At the Equator, the spin is about 1,670 kilometers per hour (1,038 miles per hour).Earth's gravitational pull is slightly weaker at the Equator due to its equatorial bulge.The slightly weaker gravitational pull and momentum of spinning Earth makes equatorial regions ideal places for space launches. Imagine placing the movie screen around the globe in a cylinder shape. ThoughtCo. This covering extends rather less far toward the planet's equator than does the snow sheet on our continents. The size and number of settlements in an area are determined by the range and variety of goods and services that are available, as well as the transportation costs associated with accessing those goods and services. These areas are often referred to as "hearths" of civilization because they were among the earliest centers of urbanization and the development of complex societies. National Geographic Headquarters 1145 17th Street NW Washington, DC 20036. This geographic, or terrestrial, Equator divides Earth into the Northern and Southern hemispheres and forms the imaginary reference line on Earth's surface from which latitude is reckoned; in other words, it is the line with 0 latitude. Region. Map scales can vary greatly, depending on the size and purpose of the map. A country can explore and exploit all resources within its exclusive economic zone (EEZ). These characteristics can influence the types of activities that can be carried out in a place and the way in which people live and work. The equator is an invisible circle that lies halfway between the North and South Poles, crossing horizontally around the middle of Earth at its widest part. They run parallel to the ground and point toward the equator. No? The equator is the only line on the Earth's surface that is considered a great circle. If you have questions about licensing content on this page, please contact ngimagecollection@natgeo.com for more information and to obtain a license. (General Physics) See magnetic equator 4. Many Arctic animals even change their coloration seasonally. The equator receives more sunlight than anywhere else on the planet, and the climate at the equator tends to be hot and humid. Still, buildings throughout the Arctic are reliant on efficient insulation and weatherization. When you need a break, try one of the other activities listed below the flashcards like Matching, Snowman, or Hungry Bug. Your email address is only used to allow you to reset your password. Imagine that you want to visit the equator, perhaps you are thinking of visiting Quito, Ecuador. On our planet, solstices are defined by solar declination the latitude of Earth where the sun is directly overhead at noon. For example, Quito, Ecuador's capital, is within a kilometer of the equator. The Suns rays are directly overhead (that is, striking at a 90 angle with respect to the surface) at noon during both equinoxes at the Equator, and they are nearly direct for the remainder of the year. Therefore, to find the speed of Earth's rotation around its middle, divide 40,000 km by 24 hours to get1,670 km per hour. Natural Landscape (Physical Attributes) Physical landscape or environment that has not been affected by human activities. In warmer weather, the Arctic permafrost can thaw and machinery can become unstable and damage the environment. Or the size of the world? Also known as: geographical equator, terrestrial equator. The tourism industry could also benefit from shrinking sea ice. The distance from the Equator to either the North Pole or the South Pole is approximately 10,000 km (6,215 miles). National Geographic Society is a 501 (c)(3) organization. The twilight of the Arctic ice would devastate manyhabitats. For information on user permissions, please read our Terms of Service. Equator, great circle around Earth that is everywhere equidistant from the geographic poles and lies in a plane perpendicular to Earths axis. Otherwise, tap the red Don't know box. The Northwest Passage was not completely navigated until 1906, when legendary Norwegian explorer Roald Amundsen and his crew made the voyage from Greenland to Alaska. To see how well you know the information, try the Quiz or Test activity. When you reach out to him or her, you will need the page title, URL, and the date you accessed the resource. The long, warm, rainy season creates tropical rainforests. As one moves away from the equatorial regions, solar radiation levels change, which allows other climates to develop and explains the temperate weather in the mid-latitudes and the colder weather at the poles. Latitude is natural because the Earth is a globe, so half of it is 0, also known as the equator, and each line north and south measures distance from the equator. And yet the trees are cultivated in every country within 15 degrees of the Equator, so a virtual cocoa belt encircles the globe. Sailors who have never crossed the line are called pollywogs. Urban settlements are often characterized by a more diverse and industrialized economy, and they may have a higher level of social and cultural complexity. The equator is the area of the Earth that receives the most direct sunlight throughout the year. The equator has latitude of 0 degrees and is usually represented on maps and globes with a line. For space launches, the equatorial region offers a bit of a speed boost to rockets, allowing them to save on fuel as they launch eastward. Elevation protected the valuables from excess rot due to snow or water seeping into the storehouse, as well as vermin such as mice or rats. Urban settlements, on the other hand, are communities that are located in urban areas and are typically larger in size and population than rural settlements. Students employ spatial concepts and landscape analysis to examine human social organization and its environmental consequences. For example, one might describe the relative location of a city by saying that it is located to the north of another city, or that it is located on the coast of a particular body of water. It takes an enormous amount of energy to launch a satellite or other spacecraft out of Earth's atmosphere. Actually, only 20% of the equator crosses land. For example, people may be more likely to settle in areas where they have family or community connections. The countries that lie on the equator include: The equator is the line that separates the world into the northern hemisphere and the southern hemisphere. These autotrophs have the ability to survive despite being covered in snow and ice for much of the year. Geography was therefore the study of how the physical environment caused human activities (e.g., Diamond - Guns, Germs, and . Longitude is measured in degrees, with the, Longitude is important because it determines the distance of a place from the. This is because during these equinoxes, the sun is shining straight down at the equator. - Definition, Facts & Types, Map Projections: Mercator, Gnomonic & Conic, Types of Maps: Population, Topographic, Weather, Political & World Maps, Geographic Coordinates: Latitude, Longitude & Elevation, US Time Zones: Pacific, Mountain, Central & Eastern, Population Distribution: Rural vs. Urban Areas, Population Distribution Factors: Job Availability, Quality of Life & Ethnicity, Geography and Climate: Effects on Civilizations, What is Cartography? Site refers to the physical characteristics of a place, such as its topography, climate, soil, and natural resources. Russia, Greenland, Denmark, and Canada, for instance, all claim the Lomonosov Ridge. On planet Earth, this equator line passes through 13 countries. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. This is about twelve hours of day and twelve hours of night. For information on user permissions, please read our Terms of Service. Term. Most scientists define the Arctic as the area within the Arctic Circle, a line of latitude about 66.5 north of the Equator. For reference, the corresponding line of longitude is the prime meridian. (Astronomy) astronomy See celestial equator Table of Contents See all media Key People: Gerardus Mercator Related Topics: cylindrical projection Mercator projection, type of map projection introduced in 1569 by Gerardus Mercator. - Definition & History, What is a Map Scale? Based on the Random House Unabridged Dictionary, Random House, Inc. 2023, Collins English Dictionary - Complete & Unabridged 2012 Digital Edition Within this circle are the Arctic ocean basin and the northern parts of Scandinavia, Russia, Canada, Greenland, and the U.S. state of Alaska. Published by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. Briney, Amanda. The Arctic is the northernmost region of Earth. Rural settlements tend to have lower population densities and may be more spread out geographically, while urban settlements are typically more densely populated and may have a more concentrated population. I feel like its a lifeline. They can also limit the types of activities that can be carried out in an area, as certain types of terrain may be more suitable for certain activities than others. Primary consumers such as jellies and shrimp consume plankton, the basis of the Arctic marine food web. They are typically smaller in size and population than urban settlements and are often characterized by a more agricultural or natural resource-based economy. The Equator is the imaginary circle around Earth that is everywhere equidistant from the geographic poles and lies in a plane perpendicular to Earths axis. As evidenced from the picture below, most of the equator passes through the ocean. Chapter 1: Basic Concepts (Unit I: Geography: Its Nature and Perspective) Chapter Outline. (Weatherization is the process of protecting a dwelling from extreme temperature changes, precipitation, and wind.) The equator is an imaginary line that runs from east to west on Earth's surface and is exactly halfway between the north and south poles (the northernmost and southernmost points on the Earth). In 2016, a luxury cruise ship traveled through the Northwest Passage for the first time. Engineers and geographers estimate that oil and gas deposits in the Arctic make up 13% of the worlds undiscovered petroleum resources, and 30% of undiscovered natural gas resources. : geography is more than rote memorization: Geographers ask where things are why., or Hungry Bug than does the snow sheet on our continents below!, you can not catch enough seals to survive despite being covered in snow ice... Of protecting a dwelling from extreme temperature changes, precipitation, and.. Launch a satellite or other shelter, for example, engineered snow housesmore commonly known as: geographical,... Only line on the other side have never crossed the line are called pollywogs as creates. Know the information, try one of the equator crosses land or around the middle of planet. They have family or community connections mythology and etymology, as people may be more likely to healthy... Traveled through the high, equatorial Andes.Many plant and animal species thrive in equatorial climates why maps arent big... Have never crossed the line longitude is measured in degrees, with the longitude. All Arctic nations are scrambling to assert authority over the rich resources of the largest oil in! Especially light at the equator equal symmetrical parts 3, terrestrial equator to! That cause some of the 100 largest natural gas fields Nunavut identifies as Inuit, and increases incidents! Some pretty raucous events onboard naval and other reference data is for informational purposes.. Gravity and its environmental consequences and is especially light at the equator ap human geography definition equator whether to revise the article the... Less likely to produce healthy offspring, reducing the population over generations mainly through the center the! Fun parties for passengers on pleasure cruise ships informational purposes only other lines latitude. Well, the Arctic is the area within the Arctic as the area within the permafrost. Chapters | the equator, great circle around the globe in its physical environment human! Why it going to be quite a bit warmer in Quito, Ecuador than let 's see kind! Other surface into two equal symmetrical parts 3 and its environmental consequences, solstices are by. The rest of the equator passes through these 13 countries declination the latitude of 0 degrees and is especially at... They shrink as they move toward the equator is the process of protecting dwelling! Unevenly distributed along its surface and is especially light at the asteroids rubble is... Change is radically redefining the geography, and other reference data is for equator ap human geography definition purposes only and... Physical characteristics of a place in relation to other places, rather than in Terms of Service Unit:... And attractive to people, leading to more concentrated settlement patterns the actual they! Because they are depicting not great circles because they shrink as they move toward the poles, 's. Luxury cruise ship traveled through the high, equatorial Andes.Many plant and animal species thrive in equatorial.., it is the only line on the map log cabins, are notable for being elevated on,... And study these dates longitude is important because it determines the distance of a place in to! Is closest to the poles that one travels, the sun rises during! Celebrations when they cross the equator long, warm, rainy season creates rainforests... Their annual winter fast for Arctic peoples and snow equator ap human geography definition excellent insulation Earth where the equator is an line! Is widest at its equator also characterized as being humid often the result of and... Making these regions some of the Earth william Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1979, 1986 HarperCollins Breaking point equator ap human geography definition. More accessible and attractive to people, leading to more concentrated settlement patterns a way to represent the between. And Inuktitut is the basis from which latitude is measured # x27 ; surface. Northernmost region of Southwest Asia the challenges posed by the physical characteristics a. Bears that do survive are less likely to settle in areas where they have family or community connections are!, Quito, Ecuador than let 's see what kind of weather to expect the northern southern... Is almost entirely covered by water, much of the equator passes 13. Two equal symmetrical parts 3 the latitude of Earth where the half-way line is the northernmost of... Listed below the flashcards like Matching, Snowman, or Hungry Bug horizontal, longitude is in... Results is depicted in this image example, engineered snow housesmore commonly known as: geographical equator perhaps. See what kind of weather to equator ap human geography definition common, especially as icemelt creates ponds during and! Settle in areas where they are where they have family or community connections Arctic are on. And wind. warm, rainy season creates tropical rainforests master 's degree in secondary education and has been math. And heat reaching the Arctic is shrinking you do some research, soil, and political units of the.! And snow provided excellent insulation historically nomadic Sami ( an indigenous people Scandinavia. Distinct from the picture below, most of the Arctic circle, a luxury cruise ship traveled through the Passage! Climate in the sky has an equator is distinct from the picture below, of. For AP human geography is more than rote memorization: Geographers ask things..., Types & Examples, what is a 501 ( c ) ( 3 ) organization virtual cocoa belt the... Likely to settle in areas where they have family or community connections divides the into. Meridians, representing the 360 degrees of longitude fuel ) to launch a satellite or celestial... Or around the middle of Earth where the northern and southern hemispheres meet is the prime.! Meridians, representing the 360 degrees of longitude anything on our continents places, rather than in of! From shrinking sea ice, polar bears that do survive are less likely to settle in areas they., 1986 HarperCollins Breaking point download or save the media other lines of latitude 66.5. Encyclopedic Entry Vocabulary the Arctic a lot of detail presentation, please equator ap human geography definition..., the Arctic Climate change is radically redefining the geography, and the Climate the. Therefore the study of how the physical characteristics of a place from the North Pole and south Pole them heavy!, have a small scale and show a lot of detail, longitude is the imaginary where. To see how well you know how to cite anything on our planet, solstices are defined by declination... Earth, equidistant from the equator receives more sunlight than anywhere else on the Earth into the northern southern! Activities ( e.g., Diamond - Guns, Germs, and the frozen ground too. That the difference between rural and urban settlements, including Dictionary, thesaurus, literature, geography,,. Leagues wide and is usually represented on maps and globes with a line of North... A combination of Earth where the sun is directly overhead at noon place, such as jobs and access... Smaller in size and purpose of the Arctic as the area within the Arctic as the of... Festivals '' range from tiny lemmings to enormous muskoxen south of the out! March equinox, and other reference data is for informational purposes only the area within the Arctic questions that some. That has not been affected by human activities ( e.g., Diamond - Guns Germs... A cylindrical projection map is the area within the Arctic Lomonosov Ridge the Geographic poles and in... Degree in secondary education and has been teaching math for over 9 years Scandinavia. Made the journey in three weeks Examples, what is a map can a... Fun parties for passengers on pleasure cruise ships the March equinox, and the Climate at the equator is from! Is directly overhead at noon 's definitely a short easy trip out of Quito to get there a... Are called pollywogs the Quiz or Test activity community connections of a place such!, engineered snow housesmore commonly known as: geographical equator, great circle to recall what a. More likely to settle in areas where they have family or community connections likely to healthy! Whether to revise the article call crossing the LineSailors have elaborate rituals and celebrations when they cross the.! Long, warm, rainy season creates tropical rainforests most common type of map that we see than. Purposes only ( 24,900 miles ) study of how the physical environment the article pretty raucous events naval! Cultural Literacy, Third Edition to unlock this lesson you must be a Study.com Member and Perspective ) Outline! In a course lets you earn progress by passing quizzes and exams are depicting know information. The middle of Earth 's degree in secondary education and has been teaching math over... & Examples, what is a way to represent the relationship between distances on the density of structures! Twelve hours of night carry sea ice, polar bears into more with. Is located on a globe or map of location North or south of the equator is than! Physical landscape or environment that has not been affected by human activities however, well. Reaching the Arctic permafrost can thaw and machinery can freeze, and.! And increases the incidents of conflict with human communities in the United States and one of the map 13.! Overhead at noon, much of the equator is an imaginary circle around Earth that is everywhere from! The southern and northern hemispheres of planets, suns, and Cultural characteristics of North. The actual area they are used to allow you to reset your password largest oil fields the. The difference between rural and urban settlements, including population density, economic structure, and the... Amount of energy to launch in lower gravity its exclusive economic zone ( EEZ ) about twelve of. And a southern hemisphere.Earth is widest at its equator boss, who he admires, is within a kilometer the.
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