The oldest printed texts are Evangheliarul slavo-romn (155152; The Slavo-Romanian Gospels) of Sibiu and the works of Deacon Coresi, beginning in 1559. Szukits Knyvkiad. Victor Babe discovered more than 50 germs and a cure for a disease named after him, babesiosis; biologist Nicolae Paulescu was among the first scientists to identify insulin. Human Y-chromosomal variation in European populations (PhD Thesis). Young people in Romania are even more likely to speak English, as 99% of Romanian school pupils study English as a foreign language. The primary Romance languages are Spanish, French, Italian, Portuguese, and Romanian. [77] According to the early 13th century medieval Hungarian book Gesta Hungarorum the invading Magyars of King rpd Byzantine historians usually described foreign rulers as archontes. England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. [145], To distinguish Romanians from the other Romanic peoples of the Balkans (Aromanians, Megleno-Romanians, and Istro-Romanians), the term Daco-Romanian is sometimes used to refer to those who speak the standard Romanian language and live in the former territory of ancient Dacia (today comprising mostly Romania and Moldova) and its surroundings (such as Dobruja or the Timok Valley, the latter region part of the former Roman province of Dacia Ripensis).[146][147]. The rest are former French colonies in Africa and in the islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. 2003 . :: Ukrainian Center for Independent Political Research::", "Internetov asopis lovek a spolonos", Countries by the number of recognized official languages, Countries and capitals in native languages, List of languages without official status, Languages by the number of countries in which they are recognized as an official language, Community of Portuguese Language Countries, International Organization of Turkic Culture, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_countries_and_territories_where_Romanian_is_an_official_language&oldid=1118916637, Romanian-speaking countries and territories, All articles with bare URLs for citations, Articles with bare URLs for citations from August 2022, Articles with bare URLs for citations from March 2022, Articles with PDF format bare URLs for citations, Short description is different from Wikidata, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, Statute of the Settlements from the Left Bank (Transnistria), art. Home Most Difficult Languages- Abkhaz Filipino Galician Easiest Languages to Learn+ Tibetan Maori Chewa Most Spoken Languages+ Basque Welsh An additional 114,000 speak Aromanian. [170] Haplogroup R1a, is a human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup which is distributed in a large region in Eurasia, extending from Scandinavia and Central Europe to southern Siberia and South Asia. Above all, I hope to show you somewhere old but unseen; and a place untraveled. By clicking any language or country, you can easily explore which languages are most widely spoken in European countries, which countries are most fluent in a language, how language knowledge has changed from one generation to another, and compare mother tongue speakers to foreign language speakers. 284, "On the Significance of Certain Names: Romanian/Wallachian and Romania/Wallachia", https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004250765_003, Pre-National Identities in the Balkans in: Entangled Histories of the Balkans, "ivot u sjeni konstitutivnih naroda Rumunji u BiH", "IRES: Aproape 9 din 10 romni se consider religioi, dar doar 10% in post", "Religious Belief and National Belonging in Central and Eastern Europe", "Orthodox Christianity in the 21st Century", "Populaia stabil dup religie judee, municipii, orae, comune", "Genetic Heritage of the Balto-Slavic Speaking Populations: A Synthesis of Autosomal, Mitochondrial and Y-Chromosomal Data", "Y-chromosome analysis in individuals bearing the Basarab name of the first dynasty of Wallachian kings", "A Quantitative Comparison of the Similarity between Genes and Geography in Worldwide Human Populations", "The phylogenetic and geographic structure of Y-chromosome haplogroup R1a", "A major Y-chromosome haplogroup R1b Holocene era founder effect in Central and Western Europe", "Tracing Past Human Male Movements in Northern/Eastern Africa and Western Eurasia: New Clues from Y-Chromosomal Haplogroups E-M78 and J-M12", "Genetic affinities among the historical provinces of Romania and Central Europe as revealed by an mtDNA analysis", The Romanian nation in the beginning of the 20th century, Romanian-language schools in Transnistria, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Romanians&oldid=1157502942, Ethnic groups divided by international borders, Articles containing Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text, Articles containing Romanian-language text, Articles with unsourced statements from October 2020, "Related ethnic groups" needing confirmation, Articles using infobox ethnic group with image parameters, Articles lacking reliable references from April 2023, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, 1,206,938 migrants from Romania, of all ethnic groups. Many words in Romanian are borrowed from other Romance languagesparticularly Frenchand Romanian pronunciation is quite similar to Italian. An older form of romn was still in use in some regions. Romanian is a formal language and it's important to select the Romanian vs Russian: Similarities and Differences. The earliest text of Romance language was found in the year 1521. By the end of the 18th century, the Austrian Empire was awarded by the Ottomans with the region of Bukovina and, in 1812, the Russians occupied the eastern half of Moldavia, known as Bessarabia through the Treaty of Bucharest of 1812.[125]. 137-177. Romanian language has distinct type of grammar and phonology compared to other Romance languages. [165], According to a Y-chromosome analysis of 335 sampled Romanians, 15% of them belong to R1a. Oxford: Oxford University Press. The language has a number of regional accents and dialects, and it tends to sound different from region to region. Due to Romanias geography and closeness to countries like Bulgaria, Serbia, and Ukraine, the Romanian language has quite a few words derived from Slavic. English is widely spoken as a foreign language in Romania, with Approximately 15% of Romanias population claiming they can carry on a conversation in English. Socio-linguistic evolutions in the late 18th century led to a gradual preponderance of the romn spelling form, which was then generalised during the National awakening of Romania of early 19th century. V. Mrcule, The Vlachs in the military actions during the Comnen, in Revista de Istorie Militar, 2(60), 2000, p. 46-47 (hereinafter: The Vlachs during the Comnen). List of countries and territories where Romanian is an official language, Countries where Romanian is an official language, Regions where Romanian is an official language, Organisations with Romanian as an official language, Countries where Romanian is taught in schools. Young people in Romania are even more likely to speak English, as 99% of Romanian school pupils study English as a foreign language. [71] The indigenous population of Scythia Minor was Dacian and their material culture is apparent archaeologically into the sixth century. The eastern territory losses were facilitated by the Molotov-Ribbentrop Nazi-Soviet non-aggression pact. Some of Romanias greatest thinkers, writers, and artists have been educated in France where they achieved great acclaim. Between Prespa and Kastoria, they met and fought with a Bulgarian rebel named David. [152] The vast majority are Eastern Orthodox Christians, belonging to the Romanian Orthodox Church (a branch of Eastern Orthodoxy, or Eastern Orthodox Church, together with the Greek Orthodox, Orthodox Church of Georgia and Russian Orthodox Churches, among others). Major language (s) : Country major languages. The three principalities were united for several months in 1600 under the authority of Wallachian Prince Michael the Brave. Part I: Structure and Meaning, European Journal of Population", https://biblioteca-digitala.ro/?pub=1124-originea-medievala-a-focarelor-de-conflict-din-peninsula-balcanica, " : , , ", " " / , https://sourcebooks.fordham.edu/basis/AnnaComnena-Alexiad.asp, https://archive.org/details/o-city-of-byzantium-annals-of-niketas-choniates-ttranslated-by-harry-j-magoulias-1984, http://opac.regesta-imperii.de/lang_en/anzeige.php?pk=337176, https://archive.org/details/tabulaimperiibyz0000unse, "Treaty of Bucharest/Russo-Turkish history [1812]", "De ce este srbtorit Ziua Limbii Romne la 31 august", Magyar Trtnelmi Tr 4. sorozat 4. ktet 1903. Lazr Edeleanu was the first chemist to synthesize amphetamine and also invented the modern method of refining crude oil. [167], A 2017 paper concentrated on the Mitochondrial DNA of Romanians, showed how Romania has been "a major crossroads between Asia and Europe" and thus "experienced continuous migration and invasion episodes"; while stating that previous studies show Romanians "exhibit genetic similarity with other Europeans". Romanians can also be found in many countries, notably in the other EU countries, particularly in Italy, Spain, Germany, the United Kingdom and France; in North America in the United States and Canada; in Israel; as well as in Brazil, Australia, Argentina, and New Zealand among many other countries. Miklouho-Maclay, Russian Academy of Sciences; Institute of Cultural Heritage of the Academy of Sciences of Moldova. [173] The eastern branches of R1b represent 7%, they prevail in parts of Eastern and Central Europe as a result of Ancient Greek colonisation in parts of Sicily as well. Almost 90% of all Romanians consider themselves religious. Language links are at the top of the page across from the title. Later on, it borrowed a number of words from German, Hungarian, and Turkish. You can also explore more about all Oceania Languages which are spoken in Oceania Continent. In fact, nearly 72% of native Romanian speakers are currently living in Romania. [93] The 11th-century scholar Kekaumenos wrote of a Vlach homeland situated "near the Danube and[]the Sava, where the Serbians lived more recently". This page was last edited on 29 May 2023, at 02:07. ara noastr a pierdut peste un milion de locuitori fa de acum 10 ani", International Boundary Study Hungary Romania (Rumania) Boundary, "The Slavonian Census of 1698. It is a Romance language that is closely related to Italian and Spanish, with a unique influence from Slavic and neighboring languages. During the Soviet era the language of Moldova was written in the Cyrillic alphabet, called Moldavian, and held by Soviet scholars to be an independent Romance language. Main article: Romani people by country Hindi [ edit] Gujarati [ edit] Other Indo-Aryan [ edit] Italic & Romance [ edit] French [ edit] See also: List of countries where French is an official language Italian [ edit] Portuguese [ edit] See also: List of countries where Portuguese is an official language Map of the Lusophone world From a pronunciation perspective, however, Romanian is most similar to Italian. Kamusella continues by stating that they preferred this ethnonym in order to stress their presumed link with Ancient Rome and that it became more popular as a nationalistic form of referring to all Romanian-language speakers as a distinct and separate nation during the 1820s. [132] Examples of this would include Petr Shornikov,[142] Mikhail Guboglo and Valentin Dergachev. Romanian at a glance. Romania is surrounded by Slavic nations. [67], Scythia Minor (c. 290 c. 680) was a Roman province corresponding to the lands between the Danube and the Black Sea, today's Dobruja divided between Romania and Bulgaria. [136] Authors that travelled to modern Romania who wrote about it in 1574,[137] 1575[138] and 1666 also noted the use of the term "Romanian". Romanians, and young Romanians in particular, are some of the best non-native English speakers in the world. * = Subgroups of officially recognized ethnicities that are not treated by the Romanian authorities as separate minorities. For example, according to a 2006 Eurobarometer poll, only 23% of Romanians attend church once a week or more. For example, it has some Slavic vocabulary. Click any language to explore how widely it is spoken in each country or click a country to explore which languages are most spoken within in. An error range for the estimate is not provided. But what about Romanians? ), and the endonym (the name they used for themselves) Romanians (Rumni/Romni). [78][79] Gesta Hungarorum also mentions the Slavs, Bulgarians,Vlachs and the shepherds of the Romans inhabiting the Carpathian Basin: "sclauij, Bulgarij et Blachij, ac pastores romanorum". That year, the governor of Servia, Nikulitsa received the position of leader (archon) of the Vlachs from Hellas from Emperor Basil II. In consonant clusters there has been a tendency to replace velar consonants k and g with labial consonants, such as p, b, or m (e.g., Latin cto eight, Romanian opt; Latin cognatum relative, kinsman, Romanian cumnat). In the centuries following the Romanization of Dacia, the Romanian language continued to evolve, incorporating elements from Greek, Turkish, French, and Hungarian. That circumstance had important consequences for the language, triggering the so-called re-Romanization of Romanian. Failing in his attempt, the Byzantine prince sought refuge in Halych but Andronikos I Komnenos was "captured by the Vlachs, to whom the rumor of his escape had reached, he was taken back to the emperor". Five years later, Bsescu (solely supported by the PDL this time) was narrowly re-elected for a second term in the 2009 presidential elections. [65] The Diocese of Dacia was composed of five provinces, the northernmost provinces were Dacia Ripensis (the Danubian portion of Dacia Aureliana, one of the cities of Dacia Ripensis in today Romania is Sucidava) and Moesia Prima (today in Serbia, near the border between Romania and Serbia). Language links are at the top of the page across from the title. There are also two overseas departments of France: Martinique and Guadeloupe. Around 1.6% of ethnic Romanians in Romania identify themselves as Pentecostal, with the population numbering 276,678 members. Haplogroup I occurs at 32% in Romanians. Romanians have played and contributed a major role in the advancement of the arts, culture, sciences, technology and engineering. Since 2013, the Romanian Language Day is celebrated on 31 August in Romania. Includes additional 177,635 Moldovans in Transnistria; as per the 2004 census in Transnistria. The Istro-Romanians are the closest ethnic group to the Romanians, and it is believed they left Maramure, Transylvania about a thousand years ago and settled in Istria, Croatia. As of 2017, an Ethnologue estimation puts the (worldwide) number of Romanian speakers at approximately 24.15 million. Romanian speaking countries include both countries with Romanian national language and Romanian as a second language. J. Koder, F. Hild, P. Soustal| Tabula Imperii Bizantini, 1 Hellas und Thessalia DAW, 125, 1976, sfn error: no target: CITEREFSoulis1963 (. Romany languages, Romany also spelled Romani, also called omani hib ("Romany tongue"), omanes ("in a Rom way"), or Gypsy (Gipsy), group of 60 or more highly divergent dialects that are genetically related to the Indo-Aryan (Indic) languages. In 2019, the PNL-supported Iohannis was re-elected for a second term as president after a second round landslide victory in the 2019 Romanian presidential election (being also supported in that round by PMP and USR as well as by the FDGR/DFDR in both rounds). [165], The prevailing Y-chromosome in Wallachia (Ploieti, Dolj), Moldavia (Piatra Neam, Buhui), Dobruja (Constana), and northern Republic of Moldova is recorded to be Haplogroup I. It should come as no surprise that the vast majority of native Romanian speakers live in Romania. The modern Romanian language was formed over many centuries following the Roman conquest of Dacia in 106 AD by Emperor Trajan and the introduction of Latin. [173][174] Other studies analyzing the haplogroup frequency among Romanians came to similar results. I'm Jake and I've been travelling Europe for the past decade. First written: 1521. While the Meglenoromanian (Meglenitic) and Istroromanian dialects are both nearly extinct, Aromanian is more vigorous. [101] Anna Komnene reports that in 1094, on the occasion of the Cumans' campaign south of the Danube, Emperor Alexios I Komnenos was informed about the movements of the "Turanians", who had crossed the Danube by "a certain Pudilos, a Vlach noble". The 2021 Romanian census found that just under 89.3% of Romania's citizens identified themselves as ethnic Romanians.[58]. (. Trilingual (Romanian-Hungarian-German) signage. Additionally, in medieval times there were other lands known by the name 'Vlach' such as Great Vlachia, situated between Thessaly and the western Pindus mountains, of the Despotate of Epirus between the 12th-15th century. This clip is a good representation of the colloquial accents you might hear in Bucharest, the countrys capital. For the United States 2000 Census figures, almost 20% of the total population did not classify or report an ancestry, and the census is also subject to undercounting, an incomplete (67%) response rate, and sampling error in general. Romania passport is ranked 73 by Visa List Passport Index May 2023. (c. 845 c. 907) waged wars against three dukesGlad, Menumorut and the Vlach Geloufor Banat, Criana and Transylvania. Verbs have a shortened infinitive (e.g., a cnta from Latin cantare to sing), and the future tense is formed by a compound of the verb a vrea to wish plus the infinitive of the verbvoi cnta I will sing; an alternative method of future formation is to use the auxiliary verb a avea to have plus s plus the subjunctive of the verbam s cnt I will sing.. You will then receive an email that helps you regain access. Besides the separation of some groups (Aromanians, Megleno-Romanians, and Istro-Romanians) during the Age of Migration, many Vlachs could be found all over the Balkans, in Transylvania,[73] across Carpathian Mountains[74] as far north as Poland and as far west as the regions of Moravia (part of the modern Czech Republic), some went as far east as Volhynia of western Ukraine, and the present-day Croatia where the Morlachs gradually disappeared, while the Catholic and Orthodox Vlachs took Croat and Serb national identity. Author of, Director, Institute of Linguistics, Bucharest, Romania. It has a reputation for being rural, and its sometimes characterized as a lower-class accent, especially in Bucharest. European Union, Moldova, Romania, Serbia, Transnistria, Ukraine, Academia de tiine a Moldovei, Institutul de Lingvistic al Academiei Romne (Institute for Li. [99][94][100], The princess and chronicler Anna Komnene reports that in April 1091, on the eve of the decisive Byzantine-Pecheneg Battle of Levounion, Emperor Alexios I Komnenos (1057-1118) was assisted by "a number of 5,000 brave mountaineers and ready to attack, passed by his side, to fight alongside him". Januar 2021", "Announcement of the demographic and social characteristics of the Resident Population of Greece according to the 2011 Population Housing Census", "Bevolking; generatie, geslacht, leeftijd en herkomstgroepering, 1 januari", "Ci romni au prsit Romnia pentru a tri n strintate", "Immigrants and Descentants, 1 January 2020", "Utrikes fdda samt fdda i Sverige med en eller tv utrikes fdda frldrar efter fdelseland/ursprungsland, 31 december 2017, totalt", " ", Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia, "Permanent and non permanent resident population by canton, sex, citizenship, country of birth and age, 20142015", "Immigrants and Norwegian-born to immigrant parents, 1 January 2022", "Foreigners in the Czechia by citizenship", "Foreigners by category of residence, sex, and citizenship as at 31 December 2016", "Pentru ce facem moschee la Bucureti: n cutarea romnilor ortodoci din Turcia", "Population by nationalities in detail 2011 - 2019", "HARTA romnilor plecai n strintate. "Scythia Minor". [133] Several other documents, notably from Italian travelers into Wallachia, Moldavia and Transylvania, speak of the self-identification, language and culture of the Romanians, showing that they designated themselves as "Romans" or related to them in up to 30 works. This isnt too far from the truth, since Romanian is essentially a Romance language with bits of Slavic influence. The first known inscription in Aromanian, dated 1731, was found in 1952 at Ardenita, Albania; texts date to the end of the 18th century, and literary texts were published in the 19th and 20th centuries (mostly in Bucharest). 671,9851,079,726 (2022) Romanian citizens of all ethnic groups. Of Countries Spanish Speakin.. Other speakers of the latter languages are the Aromanians, the Megleno-Romanians, and the Istro-Romanians (native to Istria, Croatia), all of them unevenly distributed throughout the Balkan Peninsula, which may be considered either Romanian subgroups or separated yet, nevertheless, related ethnicities. In the meantime, Romania's major foreign policy achievements were the alignment with Western Europe and the United States by joining the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) back in 2004 and the European Union three years later, in 2007. Mircea Eliade, writer and historian of religions, Sergiu Celibidache, honored conductor and music teacher. Emails in Romanian: Most Popular Greetings and Endings. Pop, Ioan-Aurel (1999),p. 44. . Explorai cunotinele despre limba romn n Europa. One of the earliest examples comes from the Nibelungenlied, a German epic poem from before 1200 in which a "Duke Ramunc from the land of Vlachs (Wallachia)" is mentioned. A similar holiday also exists in Moldova on the same day since 1990. Check out detailed information About Romanian Language. (1971) - In: Revue des tudes sud-est europennes vol. Find if Irish and Romanian are Most Spoken Languages. Updates? Romanian language is taught in 328 schools in the Spanish communities of: Andalusia, Aragon, Asturias, Basque Country, Canary Islands, Cantabria, Castile and Len, Castilla-La Mancha, Catalonia, La Rioja, Madrid, Murcia, Navarre and Valencia. The basic vocabulary is of Latin origin,[126] although there are some substratum words that are sometimes assumed to be of Dacian origin. Romanians Speak English as a Second Language English is widely spoken as a foreign language in Romania, with Approximately 15% of Romania's population claiming they can carry on a conversation in English. [111], Royal charters wrote of the "Vlachs' land" in southern Transylvania in the early 13th century, indicating the existence of autonomous Romanian communities. If you think you have been blocked in error, contact the owner of this site for assistance. Current national objectives of Romania include adhering to the Schengen Area, the Eurozone as well as the OECD (i.e. 26 million Romanian speaking countries Moldova Romania Language family Indo-European > Italic > Romance > East Romance > Romanian Learn Romanian Online This site is designed as a starting point for people who want to learn more about the Romanian language. Data sources This map uses data several sources, the main one being Ethnologue (15th Edition, 2005). Also, this number does not include ethnic-Romanians who no longer speak the Romanian language. Later rulers, especially Ivan Asen II, styled themselves "Tsars (Emperors) of Bulgarians and Romans". The majority of its citizens speak Romanian as their . Several inhibiting factors (not unique to this particular case) contribute towards this uncertainty, which may include: For example, the decennial US Census of 2000 calculated (based on a statistical sampling of household data) that there were 367,310 respondents indicating Romanian ancestry (roughly 0.1% of the total population).[149]. Romanian is the official language of Moldova and many Moldovans consider themselves ethnically Romanian. The chaos of the 1989 revolution brought to power the dissident communist Ion Iliescu as president (largely supported by the FSN). [171][172] Haplogroup R1a among Romanians is entirely from the Eastern European variety Z282 and may be a result of Baltic, Thracian or Slavic descent. The language spoken by minority of the population of a territory is called minority language. [85], After the Avar Khaganate collapsed in the790s, the First Bulgarian Empire became the dominant power of the region, occupying lands as far as the river Tisa. According to the 2011 Romanian census, 2.5% of ethnic Romanians in Romania identified themselves as Catholic (in comparison to 5% of Romania's total population, including other ethnic groups). In recent times, Romanians have spread out and brought their language to more remote parts of the world. [70] Roman fortifications mostly date to the Tetrarchy or the Constantinian dynasty. Ethnic group native to Central, Eastern and Southeastern Europe, For information on the population of Romania, see, Ethnic distribution of Romanians around the world, Map depicting historical Romanian/Vlach pastoral, Map depicting the transhumance of the Romanian/Vlach pastoral populations in. Italy and Spain have been popular emigration destinations, due to a relatively low language barrier, and both are each now home to about a million Romanians. Heres an overview of countries with a significant population of Romanian speakers: Romanian is a unique and vibrant Romance language. ), tennis (Ilie Nstase, Ion iriac, Simona Halep), rowing (Ivan Patzaichin) and handball (four times men's World Cup winners). [63] It was reorganized as Dacia Ripensis (as a military province, devastated by an Avars invasion in 586) [64] and Dacia Mediterranea (as a civil province, devastated by an Avar invasion in 602). "Moldavan", ed. | BUCURETENII (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=stHi9_Z_R6c), https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CITaY8KV8C4, Arsenal ardelenesc! (tii romnete?, "do you speak Romanian?"). In sports, Romanians have excelled in a variety of fields, such as football (Gheorghe Hagi), gymnastics (Nadia Comneci, Lavinia Miloovici etc. [127] During the modern era, most neologisms were borrowed from French and Italian, though the language has increasingly begun to adopt English borrowings. Its Developed country with a population of 20M. ISBN 963-9441-87-2. [102][103][104], The Byzantine chronicler John Kinnamos, presenting the campaign of Manuel I Komnenos against Hungary in 1166, reports that General Leon Vatatzes had under his command "a great multitude of Vlachs, who are said to be ancient colonies of those in Italy", an army that attacked the Hungarian possessions "about the lands near the Pontus called the Euxine", respectively the southeastern regions of Transylvania, "destroyed everything without sparing and trampled everything it encountered in its passage". Romanian is regulated by Academia de tiine a Moldovei, Institutul de Lingvistic al Academiei Romne (Institute for Li. The owner of this site is using Wordfence to manage access to their site. The Romanian countries mentioned under Romanian Speaking countries are the countries where majority of people speak Romanian language. The vast majority of early texts are written in Cyrillic script, the Roman (Latin) alphabet having been officially adopted in 1859 at the time of the union of Walachia and Moldavia. Petrache Poenaru, inventor of the fountain pen, Nicolae Paulescu, pioneer of insulin development, Victor Babe, physician and bacteriologist, pioneer of microbiology. Originally within the Byzantine Empire, but after the 13th century autonomous or semi-independent. Over the centuries, Romanias academic elite have imported a considerable degree of French vocabulary into the Romanian language. How Many People Speak 1 Countries 1.1 Countries Turkey, Uzbekistan European Union, Moldova, Romania, Serbia, Transnistria, Ukraine 1.2 Total No. With respect to geopolitical identity, many individuals of Romanian ethnicity in Moldova prefer to identify themselves as Moldovans.[59][60]. Romanian language, also spelled (formerly) Rumanian, Romanian limba romn, Romance language spoken primarily in Romania and Moldova. 1.1 Countries European Union, Moldova, Romania, Serbia, Transnistria, Ukraine European Union, Moldova, Romania, Serbia, Transnistria, Ukraine 1.2 Total No. Most of the specialists who have addressed these aspects have identified those " bold mountaineers ", with the 'Vlachs. An interactive visualisation of language knowledge in Europe, based on the latest Europe-wide survey of languages in Europe by the European Commission. Romanian is the official language in Romania and is spoken in 5 other countries as monther tongue by a part of the population. In 1916, Romania joined the war on the side of the Triple Entente. It is believed that they diverged from the Romanians in the 7th to 9th century, and currently speak the Aromanian language and Megleno-Romanian language, both of which are Balkan Romance languages, like Romanian, and are sometimes considered by traditional Romanian linguists to be dialects of Romanian. George Brancusi, Emil Cioran, George Enescu, and many other Romanian greats made their careers in France. 1 Continents by Forest Area 2 Find the US States - No Outlines Minefield 3 Find the Countries of Europe - No Outlines Minefield 4 Countries of the World Language Country QUIZ LAB SUBMISSION Random Language or Country Quiz Romanian speaking countries Can you name the countries with Romanian as an official language By 1001950 - /5 - RATE QUIZ There are no official dates for the adoption of religions by the Romanians. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). Serbs, Ukrainians, and Bulgarians speak Slavic languages that closely resemble Russian. Some of the interesting facts of Romanian: The Romanian language is derived from Latin and is closely related to French, Spanish, Catalan, Portuguese and Italian Languages.. French, Spanish, Catalan, Portuguese and Italian Languages. Subsequently, the Soviet Union imposed a communist government and King Michael was forced to abdicate and leave for exile, subsequently settling in Switzerland, while Petru Groza remained the head of the government of the Socialist Republic of Romania (RSR). Romania passport countries include Malta, South Sudan, Ghana and Uganda. Transylvania, a third region inhabited by an important majority of Romanian speakers, was a vassal state of the Ottomans until 1687, when the principality became part of the Habsburg possessions. Russian (regional language) 29.6%, other (includes small Crimean Tatar-, Moldovan/Romanian-, and Hungarian-speaking minorities) 2.9% (2001 est.) There is also a . [105][106][107][108], By the 9th and 10th centuries, the nomadic Pechenegs conquered much of the steppes of Southeast Europe and the Crimean Peninsula.The Pecheneg wars against the Kievan Rus' caused some of the Slavs and Vlachs from North of the Danube to gradually migrate north of the Dniestr in the 10th and 11th centuries. Romania 94.49% Spain 2.78% Cyprus 2.2% Hungary 0.99% Germany 0.6% Greece 0.5% Portugal 0.46% Bulgaria 0.46% Your access to this service has been limited. After the Roman Catholic-Eastern Orthodox Schism of 1054, there existed a Roman Catholic Diocese of Cumania for a short period of time, from 1228 to 1241. This frequent contact between Romanias educated elite and the French-speaking world has resulted in a slew of French words making their way into the Romanian language. ISBN 978-0-88033-440-2. sfn error: no target: CITEREFMadgearu2001 (. While this clip is a bit exaggerated for comedic effect, its a good representation of a rural Transylvanian accent. Romani > Romani speaking Roma population > 2000 : in Europe according to Bakker et al. Romanian continues a Latin distinction between long o and short u, fused in most other Romance languages, but, like almost all others, it has lost the Latin distinction between long e and short i. Notably, in the East (Moldova), Romanians speak with a good deal of Slavic twang, and tend to use a slightly more Slavicized vocabulary. Southeastern Europe in the Middle Ages, 5001250. The Romance-speaking world, [1] [2] Romanophone world, [3] [4] [5] [6] Neolatin world, [7] or Latin-speaking world, [8] is the part of the world where Romance languages (those evolved from Latin) are either official, co-official, or significantly used, comprising Latin Europe and Latin America, as well as parts of North America and Romance-speak. Its disputed to what degree the Romans succeeded at stamping out the Dacian language, and its unclear the degree to which the modern Romanian language retains any real Dacian influence. As it turns out, Romanian speakers can be found outside Romanias borders, as well. Following Romanias addition to the European Union in 2007, many Romanians left abroad for countries like Germany, Spain, and Italy. [59][60] Romanians also form an ethnic minority in several nearby countries situated in Central, Southeastern, and Eastern Europe, most notably in Hungary, Serbia (including Timok), and Ukraine. 12% of the Romanians belong to Haplogroup R1b, the Alpino-Italic branch of R1b is at 2% a lower frequency recorded than other Balkan peoples. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development). The later Roman province Dacia Aureliana, was organized inside former Moesia Superior. It holds its origin from ancient Germanicbeing a cognate to "Welsh" and "Walloon"and perhaps even further back in time, from the Roman name Volcae, which was originally a Celtic tribe. [160][163] This theory is a compromise between the immigrationist and the continuity theories. The following 13 pages are in this category, out of 13 total. Hungarian is spoken by around 7% of the population, mainly in Transylvania. 1 Rank: 14 (Overall) 6 Rank: 9 (Overall) Bhojpuri Speaking Countries 4 (Russian Speak..) ADD 1.3 National Language Nigeria Moldova, Romania 1.4 Second Language Not spoken in any of the countries Kazakhstan, Russia ISBN 0-19-504652-8. There are also significant communities of Romanian language speakers in countries like Canada, United States, Germany, Israel, Australia, New Zealand, Italy and Spain. - WorldAtlas What Language Do They Speak In Romania? [150] However, some non-specialist organisations have produced estimates which are considerably higher: a 2002 study by the Romanian-American Network Inc. mentions an estimated figure of 1,200,000[41] for the number of Romanian Americans. It may be more productive to look at multilingualism overall. Smaller percentages are Protestant, Jews, Muslims, agnostic, atheist, or practice a traditional religion. 36 din 05.12.2013 privind interpretarea articolului 13 alin. The EPI shows how much Romanian children study English compared to other European countries. There are approximately 24 million native Romanian speakers in the world, and around 17 million of them live in Romania. Ukrainian Center for Independent Political Research: Declaration of Independence of the Republic of Moldova, Statute of the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina, "Countries in the world (ranked by 2014 population)", "Hotrre Nr. The modern language is primarily an amalgamation of Latin, Romance languages like French, and neighboring languages such as Greek, Turkish, and Hungarian. During the Middle Ages, Romanian was isolated from the other Romance languages, and borrowed words from the nearby Slavic languages (see Slavic influence on Romanian). N.N. The territories of modern-day Romania and Moldova were inhabited by the ancient Getae and Dacian tribes. [143] Raymond Detrez asserts that romn, derived from the Latin Romanus, acquired at a certain point the same meaning of the Greek Romaios; that of Orthodox Christian. [84] The document signed by Basil II to give the position of archon of the Vlachs to Nekulitsa is mentioned in Strategikon of Kekaumenos (written between 1075 and 1078 AD). Along with Romanian speaking countries check out Romanian speaking population. [101], The Byzantine chronicler Niketas Choniates writes that in 1164, Andronikos I Komnenos, the emperor Manuel I Komnenos's cousin, tried without success, to usurp the throne. Romanian is a Romance language and is similar to other Romance languages such as Italian, French, and Spanish. One, known as the Daco-Roman continuity theory, posits that they are descendants of Romans and Romanized indigenous peoples (Dacians) living in the Roman Province of Dacia, while the other posits that the Romanians are descendants of Romans and Romanized indigenous populations of the former Roman provinces of Illyricum, Moesia, Thracia, and Macedonia, and the ancestors of Romanians later migrated from these Roman provinces south of the Danube into the area which they inhabit today. During World War II, the Kingdom of Romania lost territory both to the east and west, as Northern Transylvania became part of the Kingdom of Hungary through the Second Vienna Award, while Bessarabia and northern Bukovina were taken by the Soviets and included in the Moldavian SSR, respectively Ukrainian SSR. 800,000-850,000 migrants from Romania of all ethnic groups, including a wide range of, 131,788 Romanian citizens of all ethnic groups, including many, 92,746 migrants from Romania, of all ethnic groups, 46,523 Romanian citizens of all ethnic groups, 39,654 migrants from Romania, of all ethnic groups, 39,000 Romanian citizens of all ethnic groups, 34,960 Romanian citizens of all ethnic groups, 32,294 born in Romania, of all ethnic groups, 29,186 Romanian citizens of all ethnic groups, 24,376 Romanian citizens of all ethnic groups, 21,593 Romanian citizens of all ethnic groups, 18,877 migrants of Romania, of all ethnic groups, 14,684 Romanian citizens of all ethnic groups, 14,411 Romanian citizens of all ethnic groups, 5,209 Romanian citizens of all ethnic groups, 4,941 Romanian citizens of all ethnic groups, 4,902 Romanian citizens of all ethnic groups, 1,463 Romanian citizens of all ethnic groups, 200,000 migrants from Romania and Romanian citizens, of all ethnic groups, 10,000 migrants from Romania, of all ethnic groups, 20,998 first and second generation migrants from Romania, of all ethnic groups. There are additional similarities, as well. In Romanian speaking countries, various Romanian Dialects are spoken. [130] The 24.15 million, however, represent only speakers of Romanian, not all of whom are necessarily ethnic Romanians. [157], Romano-Gothic Densu Church, Hunedoara, Transylvania, Romano-Gothic Strei Church, Hunedoara, Transylvania, St. Nicholas Church, Braov, Transylvania, Nativity of St. John the Baptist Church, Piatra Neam, Moldavia. 'in Romanian') is the official and main language of Romania and Moldova.As a minority language it is spoken by stable communities in the countries surrounding Romania (Bulgaria, Hungary, Serbia, and Ukraine), and by the large Romanian diaspora. They traded and transported salt throughout the Bulgar Empire. [131] Under regular phonetical changes that are typical to the Romanian language, the name romanus over the centuries transformed into rumn [rumn]. Another biologist, Emil Palade, received the Nobel Prize for his contributions to cell biology. [68][69] The capital of the province was Tomis (today Constana). So we find that, total number of countries where Irish is official language is 2 whereas total number of countries where Romanian is official language is 6 . A Vlach muleteer accompanying the Byzantine army noticed that the load was falling from one of the animals and shouted to a companion Torna, torna, fratre! A degree of overlap may exist or be shared between Romanian and other ethnic identities in certain situations, and census or survey respondents may elect to identify with one particular ancestry but not another, or instead identify with multiple ancestries; Counts and estimates may inconsistently distinguish between Romanian nationality and Romanian ethnicity (i.e. , Bosch2006, Varzari2006, Varzari 2013, Martinez-Cruz 2012. Sharing a common Romanian culture and ancestry, and speaking the Romanian language, they live primarily in Romania and Moldova. The first definite document mentioning Romanians (Vlachs) is from the 8th century from the Konstamonitou monastery and talks about the Vlachs of the Rynchos river (present-day North Macedonia). To give you an idea of what spoken Romanian sounds like, here are a few audio samples from a range of speakers. Nicolae Ceauescu became the head of the Romanian Communist Party (PCR) in 1965 and his severe rule of the 1980s was ended by the Romanian Revolution of 1989. Romania is located in eastern Europe and has a population of around 19.5 million. Wallachia, the Southern region of Romania, takes its name from the same source. [164], Most West Slavs, Hungarians, and Austrians were found to share as many identical by-descent DNA segments with South Slavs as with Romanians, Torbeshi and Gagauzes. Romanian is national language of Moldova, Romania. The precise origins of the Romanian language are hotly disputed by Romanian scholars. [159] Numbering about 500 people still living in the original villages of Istria while the majority left for other countries after World War II (mainly to Italy, United States, Canada, Spain, Germany, France, Sweden, Switzerland, Romania, and Australia), they speak the Istro-Romanian language, the closest living relative of Romanian. (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CITaY8KV8C4), https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PwMgPug0Fd8, Moldovenii Maria, planuri de viitor: "Noi de ce stam aici in sat cu alcolistii astia ai nostri?" [112] Papal correspondence mentions the activities of Orthodox prelates among the Romanians in Muntenia in the 1230s. For example, both Romanians and Italians use ciao as a greeting, and its pronounced the same way in both languages. [92] [140], Other researchers have expressed a different point of view and have doubted or denied the continuity of the ethonym "Romanian" from "Roman", at least on an ethnic sense. You can also read the documentation to learn about Wordfence's blocking tools, or visit wordfence.com to learn more about Wordfence. However, Romanian also has some features associated with Slavic languages like Russian. Romanian (obsolete spellings: Rumanian or Roumanian; autonym: limba romn [limba romn] (), or romnete, lit. During the interwar period, two additional monarchs came to the Romanian throne, namely Carol II and Michael I. Literature in Romanian began to flourish in the 19th century, when the emerging nation turned toward other Romance countries, especially France, for cultural inspiration. The Romany languages are spoken by more than three million individuals worldwide, and the more remotely related Domari group of dialects . [144] Wolfgang Dahmen claims that the meaning of romanus (Roman) as "Christian", as opposed to "pagan", which used to mean "non-Roman", may have contributed to the preservation of this word as an ethonym of the Romanian people, under the meaning of "Christian". sfn error: no target: CITEREFUnderhill_et_al.2009 (, sfn error: no target: CITEREFUnderhill_et_al.2014 (, Molotov-Ribbentrop Nazi-Soviet non-aggression pact, third largest ethno-linguistic group among Eastern Orthodox, Roman Catholic-Eastern Orthodox Schism of 1054, Learn how and when to remove this template message, "68 Million Romanians live outside Romania's borders", "Population and housing census, 2021 - provisional results", "// Recensmntul populaiei i al locuinelor 2014", "Romeni in Italia - statistiche e distribuzione per regione", "Poblacin extranjera por Nacionalidad, comunidades, Sexo y Ao. Of Romanias 19 million inhabitants, approximately 17.2 million are native Romanian speakers, or 90.65% of the population. [175], Painting of Transylvanian Romanian peasants from Abrud by Ion Theodorescu-Sion, Romanian family going to a fair, early 19th century, Traditional Romanian peasant costumes to the left, followed from left to right by Hungarian, Slavic, and German ones, Romanians from Transylvania, late 19th century, Romanian peasant costume from Bukovina, early 20th century, Romanians from Bukovina, early 20th century postcard, Romanians from Wallachia, early 19th century, Romanians from central Serbia, late 19th century, Romanian infantrymen from Wallachia, early 19th century, Romanian immigrants in New York City, late 19th century, Painting of a young Wallachian shepherd in the early 20th century by Ipolit Strmbu, Romanian peasants during the harvest season (1920), Mid-19th century French map depicting Romanians in Central and Eastern Europe, Modern distribution of the Eastern Romance-speaking ethnic groups (including, most notably, the Romanians), Romanians in Central Europe (coloured in blue), 1880, Ethnic map of Austria-Hungary and Romania, 1892, British map depicting territories inhabited by Eastern Romance peoples before the outbreak of World War I, Romanian speakers in Central and Eastern Europe, early 20th century, Map of the Kingdom of Romania at its greatest extent (19201940), Geographic distribution of ethnic Romanians in the early 21st century, Notable regions with inhabited by Eastern Romance speakers at the beginning of the 21st century, Map highlighting the three main sub-groups of Daco-Romanians, Geographic distribution of Romanians in Romania (coloured in purple) at commune level (2011 census), Geographic distribution of Romanian in Romania (coloured in purple) at county level (2011 census). I want to provide you with a glimpse of the Europe you aren't likely to see plastered across Instagram--the Europe of quiet, charming, and rapidly shrinking villages, of authentic and unknown cultures, of mountain people and storytellers, and of once-great communist paradises. Second Language is a non-native language of the speaker, but used in the locality of that person. Of Countries Spanish Speakin.. 6 Rank: 9 (Overall) 6 Rank: 9 (Overall) Bhojpuri Speaking Countries Its Developed country with a population of 20M. 61 (, This page was last edited on 29 October 2022, at 17:54. (2023 est.) 8 mins read Romania is a country of around 25 million people. Dacoromanian is fairly homogeneous but shows greater dialectal diversity in the Transylvanian Alps, from which region the language may have spread to the plains. If you travel to Romania without knowing Romanian, you can certainly get around on English. Its important to note, however, that Romanian pronunciation is very diverse. 8b/2013 i 41b/2013)", http://lex.justice.md/viewdoc.php?action=view&view=doc&id=311656&lang=1, http://lex.justice.md/viewdoc.php?action=view&view=doc&id=313004&lang=1, "Statutul Provinciei Autonome Voivodina - Skuptina Autonomne Pokrajine Vojvodine", http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CONSLEG:1958R0001:20070101:EN:PDF, " . [72], During the Middle Ages Romanians were mostly known as Vlachs, a blanket term ultimately of Germanic origin, from the word Walha, used by ancient Germanic peoples to refer to Romance-speaking and Celtic neighbours. When hearing spoken Romanian for the first time, many English speakers remark that Romanian sounds like Italian with a Russian accent. Currently called either Romanian or Moldovan, since 1989 the language has been written in the Roman alphabet. https://www.britannica.com/topic/Romanian-language, University of Iowa Pressbooks - The Romanian Language, Brigham Young University - College of Humanities - The History of the Romanian Language. link to Emails in Romanian: Most Popular Greetings and Endings, link to Romanian vs Russian: Similarities and Differences, one survey ranked Romania 16th worldwide for levels of English proficiency, Romanias addition to the European Union in 2007, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=stHi9_Z_R6c, Ce inseamna sa fii bucurestean? Romanians form the third largest ethno-linguistic group among Eastern Orthodox in the world. Romanian children rank as being among the top 10% globally for studying this subject! But, what about the other 28%? This list may not reflect recent changes . v.1: "Mysl.1987. V. Mrcule, Vlachs during the Comnenian period, p. 46. In Romanian speaking countries, various Romanian Dialects are spoken. In the early 21st century there were about 23,943,000 speakers of Romanian, of whom about 19,900,000 were living in Romania, some 3,000,000 in Moldova, some 318,000 in Ukraine, some 250,000 in Israel, about 200,000 in Serbia, and 14,000 in Hungary. Romania passport countries include Austria, Vatican City, Liechtenstein and Germany. Romanian is quite close to all of the Romance languages, but it is most similar to French and Italian. King Decebalus who reigned from 87 to 106 AD was the last king of the Dacian kingdom before it was conquered by the Roman Empire in 106,[61] after two wars between Decebalus' army and Trajan's army. The name Romanian is derived from Latin romanus, meaning "Roman". Theophanes the Confessor recorded it as part of a 6th-century military expedition by Comentiolus and Priscus against the Avars. Here are some words in Romanian which are purported to have Dacian origins: While some elements of the Dacian language are preserved in modern Romanian, they arent very significant. [88] Ibn al-Nadm (early 932998) published in 998 the work Kitb al-Fihrist mentioning "Turks, Bulgars and Vlahs" (using Blagha for Vlachs). Romanian is primarily spoken in Romania and Moldova, as it is the official language of both countries. For example, the Russian sound exists in Romanian as , but it does not exist in other Romance languages. The regulatory bodies of Romanian lie in Romanian speaking countries. Romanian is spoken as minority language in Hungary, Serbia, Ukraine. [80] Most researchers identify the Blachij with the Vlachs. Romanian countries are the countries where Romanian is main language. In Romanian countries, all the official documents are written in Romanian language. The Romanian language (native name: Romn) has its roots in the Indo-European language family. [120] Romania. The official language is Romanian, and it is spoken by approximately 89% of the 23m population. Romanian is the only Eastern Romance language and most words in Romanian vocabulary (about 75 percent) are of Latin origin. [139] From the Middle Ages, Romanians bore two names, the exonym (one given to them by foreigners) Wallachians or Vlachs, under its various forms (vlah, valah, valach, voloh, blac, olh, vlas, ilac, ulah, etc. Writing system: Cyrillic and Latin alphabets. [124], Up until 1541, Transylvania was part of the Kingdom of Hungary, later (due to the conquest of Hungary by the Ottoman Empire) was a self-governed Principality governed by the Hungarian nobility. An alternative name used in connection with the pre-mid Second Bulgarian Empire 13th century period is the Empire of Vlachs and Bulgarians;[110] variant names include the "VlachBulgarian Empire", the "BulgarianWallachian Empire". Datos provisionales 2020", "Estadstica de residentes extranjeros en Espaa", Ministry of Inclusion, Social Security and Migration, "Auslnder in Deutschland nach Herkunftsland bis 2021", "Table 1.3: Overseas-born population in the United Kingdom by country of birth and sex, January 2020 to December 2020", "According to the Secretary of State Romanian, Florin Crciu: In France alone we have 500,000 Romanians, more than what the French State declares today", "Ci romni muncesc n strintate i unde sunt cei mai muli", "Anzahl der Auslnder in sterreich nach den zehn wichtigsten Staatsangehrigkeiten am 1. This theory is a Romance language PhD Thesis ) all Oceania languages which are spoken in Romania Moldova... Language links are at the top 10 % globally for studying this subject adhering! The 23m population Emperors ) of Bulgarians and Romans '' all, I hope to show you somewhere old unseen. 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