dwarf bamboo scientific name

I hope youll be lucky in finding the right-sized bamboo-like plant. The stems or stalks look similar to bamboo which is why it gets confused so often. In contrast, the culm height of S. nipponicais less than 1 m, and its longevity is also about 1 year. The habitats of dwarf bamboo in Japan are restricted by climate, especially winter [4]. The annual mean, maximum, and minimum temperatures at the metrological station of this centre were 7.3, 35.7, and 22.8C, respectively, from 1975 to 2003 [26]. This bamboo variety can survive with partial to full sunlight. Flora of North America Editorial Committee. Mohamed, Folahan By Mayowa Akeem Azeez and Joshua Iseoluwa Orege, HeadquartersIntechOpen Limited5 Princes Gate Court,London, SW7 2QJ,UNITED KINGDOM, Ecophysiological characteristics of three Sasa species. Contact our London head office or media team here. I am desperately trying to purchase lotus bamboo w/appx 12 stalks. It grows best in the shade or partial sunlight. This may answer all your questions! We examined ecophysiological parameters of the three Sasa species grown under the same environment. [15] It is believed to have been introduced to Hawaii in the time of Captain James Cook (the late 18th century), and is the most popular ornamental plant there. Rarely, scrublands may result from the introduction and establishment of a vigorous alien shrub in an area of grassland or in another shrub-free region. This group is often distinguished as, 'Kimmei': Culms yellow, striped with green, 'Maculata': Green culms mottled with black, turning mostly black with aging, 'Wamin Striata': Grows up to 5m (16ft) tall, light green striped in dark green, with swollen lower internodes, This page was last edited on 24 July 2022, at 20:09. This clumping bamboo is cold-hardy but it doesnt do well in humid and hot areas like the Southern United States. We are one of North America's largest bamboo nurseries, and have been serving our customers for over 25 years. Based on these results, we conclude that the growth characteristics of S. senanensismay be high flexibility, and it is also able to adapt to different nutrient and environmental conditions. Consequently, ecophysiological characteristics of S. senanensisare intermediate between fast- and slow-growing species. Genera of dwarf bamboo distributed in Japan [1, 2]. There are many cultivars. This running bamboo doesnt really resemble your traditional bamboo. As a result, it is also known as Rose Bamboo or Love Bamboo. [32] Golden bamboo grows well in full sunlight or partial shade. Culms are basally straight or flexuose (bent alternately in different directions), drooping at the tips. Concentration of chlorophyll for 2-year-old leaves showed remarkable decrease from September. N.C. Non-Invasive Bamboo What Bamboo Does Not Spread. [9] The species is one of the most successful bamboos in Pakistan, Tanzania, and Brazil. Net photosynthetic rate at light saturation (Psat) and nitrogen concentration (N) of S. nipponica showed high values after flushing. In September, Psat of S. kurilensisincreased to 15 mol m2 s1. Although it is a running bamboo, it grows very slowly. Moreover, there are a fast-growing species among same genus of Picea, and Picea abiesand Picea glaucaare considered as fast-growing species [21]. Fruits are rare due to low pollen viability caused by irregular meiosis. Lucky Bamboo is one of the most popular house plants that are mistaken for bamboo. There are a lot of factors such as water, sunlight, and climate zones that speeds up or slows down the process. Its best to mow this running bamboo in early spring for appearance and maintenance. The main distribution area of S. nipponicais the eastern part of Hokkaido, which faces the coast of the Pacific Ocean. Concentration of mass-based nitrogen (Nmass) in current leaves showed the highest values in June for S. nipponicaand S. senanensis; however, their values decreased by time (Figure5). 2008. Thus, we conclude that ecophysiological characteristics of S. kurilensisreflect the adaptability to infertile habitats. In October, Nmass of S. nipponicashowed similar value with S. kurilensis. Canes have thin walls which make it popular for weaving. The leaf of S. nipponicaalso had high N (Figure5), and this made it possible to maintain a high Psat concentration. As a result, bud of S. nipponicacan survive soil freezing. They are also thicker. We thank Ms. Saki Fujita (Hokkaido University) for English improvement and Ms. M. Ohbuchi for assistance in the experiments. However, we confirmed that the leaves of S. nipponicacould survive over 1 year, even if the culm has fallen. You want to dig a hole about twice the size of the root ball. However, culms of S. nipponica were dropped after overwintering, and Psat of the 2-year-old leaves drastically decreased. Psat of the current leaves of S. senanensis was higher than that of S. kurilensis even though N was the same. The leaves of S. kulinensiscan survive for relatively longer time, and its longevity ranges from 3 to 5 years. Nodes are slightly inflated. If I sent you a picture of it can you help ? Achieving heights between 6 to 8 feet (1.8-2.4 m), this plant is ideal for households with a little more room to see it grow into its fully mature, fountain-like state. When you plant the bamboo amend your soil with composted manure and a good top soil. located in Sapporo City, Hokkaido, Japan. More details can be found on ourPlanting Instruction Page. The climate in Japan is divided by the coasts of the Sea of Japan and Pacific Ocean [5], and the coast of the Sea of Japan area is considered as the snowy area. We also focus on growth characteristics of the three dominant species of genus Sasawith an ecophysiological method. However, its also been doing well in Minnesota winters. 1995. They are fuzzy at the underside which makes them resistant against insects. [15] The 'Kimmei' cultivar is mostly cultivated in Japan. This groundcover bamboo is also known as Dwarf Fernleaf Bamboo. Owatarii is another very small bamboo plant that doesnt grow taller than 2 feet (0.6 m). The mass-based concentration of nitrogen (Nmass, mmol g1) was analysed using a NC analyser (NC-800, Sumika Chemical Analysis Service, Osaka). Lotus Bamboo can grow between 6 and 10 feet (1.8-3 m) tall and 3-6 feet (0.9-1.8 m) wide. [6][7], Bambusa vulgaris forms moderately loose clumps and has no thorns. In the Philippines, the best results were obtained from one-node cuttings from the lower parts of six-month-old culms. The freezing tolerance for the bud of S. nipponica(10 to 15C) is higher than S. kurilensisand S. senanensis(5 to 10C) [9]. One division of bamboo will start a grove or screen over time. [9] It grows best under humid conditions, but can tolerate unfavorable conditions like low temperatures and drought. [7] Vegetation propagates through clump division, by rhizome, stem and branch cutting, layering, and marcotting. It actually has an average height of only 1 foot (0.3 m). It is a truly small bamboo plant that mostly only reaches 1 ft (0.3 m). Moreover, the Sasaspecies has high regeneration ability after disturbances. Tropical bamboos like this should only be planted in climate zone 8 and above. These species showed high photosynthetic rate for younger leaves; however, their high values were not maintained. PNUE of current leaves of S. kurilensisincreased from September. As an increase of chlorophyll contributes to an increase in photon absorption, chlorophyll concentration shows a positive relationship with photosynthetic rate within the same species [35]. Open Access is an initiative that aims to make scientific research freely available to all. [25] B. vulgaris is widely cultivated in the USA and Puerto Rico, apparently since introduction by Spaniards in 1840. We measured the photosynthetic rate at light saturation (Psat, mol m2 s1) from May to October 2004. [7] In Tanzania, management of B. vulgaris cultivation entails clearing of the ground around clumps. This plant is known as Japanese Dwarf Bamboo. On other traits, slow-growing species has thick leaves [21, 25]. These species are separated by the snow depth. The presence of snow is an important factor to restrict the distribution of dwarf bamboo, and the main genus to distribute in the snowy area is Sasa[1]. Compared to current and 2-year-old leaves, SLA showed low values for 2-year-old leaves for all Sasaspecies. Plant Systematics: A Phylogenetic Approach, 296301. A Phylogeny of the Grass Family (Poaceae) Based on ndhF Sequence Data. Our team is growing all the time, so were always on the lookout for smart people who want to help us reshape the world of scientific publishing. We selected four leaves of current and 2-year-old ones located at sunny positions. This is why it got its common name Dwarf Whitestripe. Cultivated around the world, it is generally found in East, Southeast, and South Asia. Nitidas can grow up to 15 feet (4.6 m) tall, although they tend to be smaller when kept in containers indoors. Leaves of S. kurilensisshowed a low value of SLA (Figure4), which was characterised by thick leaves. Its leaves are very similar to those of the Pleioblastus Distichus, but in a slimmer way. We have been growing bamboo since 1985 and had experience with it long before that. There is less space between the lines or joints, which makes it look streakier. The peak of Narea showed in June of 2-year-old leaves for S. kurilensisand S. senanensis, whereas its peak was in June of current leaves for S. nipponica. Make sure it is placed in an area protected from the cold and wind, especially during the wintertime. You cannot over plant bamboo. In August, chlorophyll concentration of current leaves was significantly higher at S. nipponicacompared to S. kurilensisand S. senanensis(P< 0.05). In general, plant growth form can be evaluated through ecophysiological characteristics [20, 21]. Its leaves are small and dainty. Bamboo can benefit from a fertilization program. [30] It often is planted as fences and border hedges. The three Sasaspecies have well-developed rhizome systems and are dominant at the forest floor in general forests of this region [14, 15]. At first it may seem to be doing nothing, but after 3 to 5 years you will have a lot of beautiful culms (canes) and love the foliage. [19], B. vulgaris is a species of the large genus Bambusa of the clumping bamboo tribe Bambuseae,[20] which are found largely in tropical and subtropical areas of Asia, especially in the wet tropics. Also, the three Sasaspecies have different freezing tolerance. Sinauer Associates, Inc., Sunderland, Massachusetts USA. As you can see, there are quite a lot of different options for small bamboo plants out there. Unlike other plant species, Rufas are very tolerant to both cold and warm temperatures. The culms of S. kurilensisand S. senanensisare laid on the ground by the weight of snow cover. Its very low maintenance (ideal for first-time houseplant owners), which makes a beautiful addition to any home! It doesnt get taller than 2 feet (0.6 m) and is pretty hardy (-5F/-20C). In general, these locations restrict plant growth. These characteristics that show high photosynthetic capacity and high concentration of nitrogen for younger leaf and short leaf longevity are corresponded with fast-growing species [25]. So, the relatively thin leaf of S. nipponicahas a big advantage to obtain a high photosynthetic rate through diffusion of CO2 in its leaves. For example, leaf and stem longevities of S. nipponicaare 1 year, and so its leaf has to obtain large amount of photosynthetic productivity during the one growing period. This trend is clear for evergreen oak compared with conifer species [30]. Thats why I include it in this article although it isnt real bamboo. Slow form a privacy screen like all clumping bamboo, but for most installations a control barrier is not necessary. This plants distinct shape with its rounded culms rather than straight makes it a very unique bamboo variety for those looking for something different. When people are looking for small indoor bamboo plants, they often associate it with Lucky Bamboo. For 2-year-old leaves, PNUE showed high in May; however, this value was decreased in June. Corrections? . The habitat of S. senanensisis similar to the soil condition of S. nipponica[36]. [7][31], Though not suited for small yards, as it grows in large clumps,[13] young plants of golden bamboo can be grown in large containers. The leaf longevity of S. senanensisis about 2 years. In the case of 2-year-old leaves of S. kurilensis, Psat showed a high value despite not having a high nitrogen concentration (Figures3 and 5) and small SLA (Figure4). Cooperative Extension prohibits discrimination and harassment on the basis of race, color, national origin, age, sex (including pregnancy), disability, religion, sexual orientation, gender identity, and veteran status. Culm walls are slightly thick. Fargesia Nitida is also known as Fountain Bamboo or Blue Fountain. Sasacannot keep evergreen leaves during winter; hence, the Sasaspecies must produce new leaves from spring after the death of leaves of previous year. This groundcover bamboo is also known as Pygmy bamboo. 2022 - Bamboo Plants HQ | All rights reserved. However, Psat of S. kurilensiswas maintained at 8 mol m2 s1 until September, and these values were significantly higher in July, August, and September than that of S. senanensis(P< 0.05). It is native to Southeast Asia, specifically Vietnam and Southern China. [25] Protection is important, as animals often graze on young shoots. Compared with S. nipponica, Nmass and Narea in current leaves were lower for S. senanensis(Figure5). [10], The bambusoid taxa have long been considered the most "primitive" grasses, mostly because of the presence of bracts, indeterminate inflorescences, pseudospikelets (units of inflorescence or flower clusters and glumes or leaf-like structures in woody bamboos that is similar to spikelets or clumps of grass[16][17]), and flowers with three lodicules (tiny scale-like structure at the bottom of a florets or clump of grass flowers, found between lemma, the lowest part of spikelets, and sexual organs of the flower), six stamens, and three stigmas. Sasaspecies regenerates at the same place with clonal development, and these traits cannot be simply classified into fast- and slow-growing species as other species. Dwarf Greenstripe is a hardy plant to 0F (-18C). Seasonal change of photosynthetic nitrogen use efficiency (PNUE) for current and 2-year-old leaves of the threeSasaspecies (May to October 2004, n = 4). [12] In contrast, Narea for current leaves of S. nipponicadid not show significant difference with S. kurilensisfrom July to September. Dwarf Whitestripe is hardy to 10F (-12C). [5][11] Though adoptable to a wide range of soils,[5] common bamboo grows more vigorously on moist soils. We also calculated area-based concentration of nitrogen (Narea, mmol m2) from the value of SLA Eq. This plant is quite hardy. By M.T. Introductory Chapter: An Overview of Bamboo Resear Alkaline Sulfite Anthraquinone and Methanol (ASAM) Bamboo, Its Chemical Modification and Products, Hokkaido Research Center, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Sapporo, Japan, Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences, Tsukuba, Japan, Silviculture and Forest Ecological Studies, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan. It can be twisted, braided, or in a heart shape. In addition, the trait of chlorophyll concentration also concerns with ecophysiological characteristics. This will take more time for maintenance. We thank Dr. M. Kitao, Dr. H. Tobita, Dr. H. Utsugi (FFPRI) and Prof. Y. Maruyama (currently Nihon University) for their invaluable comments on this study. Sasa Hayatae is a cold-hardy small bamboo that reaches up to 3 feet (0.9 m). In contrast, flushing of leaves of S. kurilensiswas in July, and Psat was significantly lower in July and August than other Sasaspecies (P< 0.001). In the Congo, its leaves are used as part of a treatment against measles; in Nigeria, an infusion of macerated leaves is taken against sexually transmitted diseases and as an abortifacient the latter has been shown to work in rabbits. They are ideal for anyone looking for a low-maintenance indoor or outdoor plant. [36] Horses in Par, Brazil, were diagnosed with clinical signs of somnolence and severe ataxia after ingesting B. The maximum snow depth in winter was 130 cm [26]. However, even in smaller homes, this flexible plant will be able to grow into whatever space you give it. The northern limit of distribution area of dwarf bamboo is considered at the middle part of Sakhalin where the genus Sasadistributes [3]. [15], B. vulgaris grows mostly on river banks, road sides, wastelands, and open ground, generally in the low altitudes. There are contrasting growth characteristics, namely fast and slow [25]. In Java, water stored in golden bamboo tubes is used as a cure of various diseases. form a strategic partnership called N.C. In this arboretum, the subterranean stem of S. kurilensis, S. senanensis, and S. nipponicawas planted in 1982. This research was conducted in an arboretum of the Hokkaido Research Center, Forestry and Forest products Research Institute (4300N, 14123E, 141 m a.s.l.) If you plan to grow any of these small bamboos outdoors, you should pay attention to their actual needs. From June to August, the value of PNUE was maintained these values for three Sasaspecies. The characteristics of a fast-growing species is to have an advantage in a fertile habitat, and the growth trait of S. nipponicashows a rapid turnover of leaves and culms [4], which is considered to be suitable for the habitat. Moreover, although the snowy period there is short, the soil freezes with cold climate [5]. [5] B. v. f. vittata is the most popular variety as an ornamental plant,[13] and is considered to be very beautiful. [21] The Bambuseae are a group of perennial evergreens in subfamily Bambusoideae, characterized by having three stigmata and tree-like behavior. Different letters indicate significant differences as calculated by Tukey test (P< 0.05). From July, there was no significant difference in SLA of 2-year-old leaves among the three Sasaspecies. We predicted, in contrary, that leaves of S. kurilensismay have a low photosynthetic rate and low nitrogen concentration. Hopes this helps and don't be afraid of the bamboo. Thus, allocation of nitrogen in leaves for S. kurilensisis probably larger for cell wall than for protein of photosynthetic apparatus. They spread as they produce larger growth, filling in and providing a screen. [7] In Bangladesh, bamboo blight caused by Sarocladium oryzae is a serious disease. Bamboo grows a little different than most plants. In 2-year-old leaves, all Sasaspecies showed high values of Psat in May when all species had not yet flushed new leaves. Its leaves are dark green, but acquire a white edge by fall as the plant ages. Its small, manageable size makes it appealing to new house plant owners. It is a clumping bamboo which makes it easy to handle. The buds of S. nipponicaexist at the underground of the culm. For the current leaves, SLA in July and September showed significantly high values for S. nipponicathan that for S. senanensisand S. kurilensis(Figure4, P< 0.05). This trait is related with the maintenance of photosynthetic rate for long period. Publishing on IntechOpen allows authors to earn citations and find new collaborators, meaning more people see your work not only from your own field of study, but from other related fields too. Compared with three Sasaspecies, PNUE for 2-year-old leaves of S. kurilensiswas significantly higher from July to October than those for other Sasaspecies (P< 0.05). Seasonal change of mass-based (Nmass) and area-based (Narea) concentrations of nitrogen for current and 2-year-old leaves of the threeSasaspecies (May to October 2004, n = 4). It is among the smallest of all bamboo plants, reaching a maximum height of 2 ft (0.6 m). [7] It also has some disadvantages. Sasa kurilensis, Sasa senanensis and Sasa nipponica are widely distributed in this region. Moreover, the genera of Sasaand Pleioblastusare divided into several sections by their morphological characteristics [1]. Compared with Sasaspecies, chlorophyll concentration was significantly high value for current leaves of S. kurilensisin September and October (Figure6, P< 0.05). Also, Narea for 2-year-old leaves showed significantly higher for S. kurilensisthan that for S. nipponica(P< 0.01). After drying, we measured specific leaf area (SLA = leaf area per dry mass, cm2 g1, [29]). https://www.britannica.com/plant/dwarf-bamboo. In general, fast-growing species shows that photosynthetic rate is decreased drastically by increase of leaf age [21, 30]. Moreover, the longevity of culm of S. senanensisis about 5 years, which is different from its leaves. This plant has culm leaves and foliage leaves. [7], Among all bamboos, only shoots of B. vulgaris contains taxiphyllin (a cyanogenic glycoside) that functions as an enzyme inhibitor in the human body when released,[33] but degrades readily in boiling water. [18] Bamboos are some of the fastest growing plants in the world. The leaves may die in colder winters but they will come back in spring. Different letters indicate significant differences as calculated by Tukey test (P< 0.05). It is a beautiful small bamboo growing typically between 2-4 feet (0.6-1.2 m) tall. and Brent Furbee. This link will help you learn how bamboo grows. [10] The densely tufted culms grow 1020m (3070ft) high and 410cm (24in) thick. Usually the stems have thicker walls than those of the green stem group. The textilis species has very tight clumps which makes it a slow spreader. Horace Freestone Clay, James C. Hubbard and Rick Golt. Interested in more bamboo-like plants? Also, maximum leaf longevity of S. kurilensisis 5 years [4], and its ecophysiological characteristics are similar with other slow-growing species. This characteristic is suitable for conditions where resources are limited. This still may appear very high to you. The leaf of S. nipponicashowed high Psat from flushing (Figure3). To survive and grow under different growth conditions, the Sasaspecies have adapted to each habitat through morphological and physiological adaptation.