: Baseline selenium status and effects of selenium and vitamin e supplementation on prostate cancer risk. Gupta S, Hastak K, Ahmad N, et al. : Lycopene induces cell growth inhibition by altering mevalonate pathway and Ras signaling in cancer cell lines. Nutrients 10 (1): , 2018. In another study, vitamin D levels were analyzed annually for 5 years in patients with nonmetastatic prostate cancer. : A double-blind, placebo-controlled randomised trial evaluating the effect of a polyphenol-rich whole food supplement on PSA progression in men with prostate cancer--the U.K. NCRN Pomi-T study. Colorful vegetable salads and fruit salads are a nutritious way to increase your lycopene intake. J Agric Food Chem 57 (22): 10636-44, 2009. The PJ-supplemented mice exhibited significantly increased life spans compared with the water-fed mice. Soy beverage daily (providing approximately 6590 mg isoflavones), Adverse events included minor GI side effects, No statistically significant findings regarding PSA, PSA-doubling time, No statistically significant findings regarding serum PSA changes, Beverage powder containing soy-protein isolate (20 g protein) or calcium caseinate, All adverse events were grades I-II; there were no differences in adverse events between the two groups, No significant findings regarding serum PSA changes, Two slices of soy bread containing 68 mg/d soy isoflavones or soy bread containing almond powder, Soy and soy-almond breads were without grade 2 or higher toxicity, Significant modulation of multiple plasma. : Lack of an effect of high dose isoflavones in men with prostate cancer undergoing androgen deprivation therapy. Bradford PG, Awad AB: Phytosterols as anticancer compounds. Karlsson S, Olausson J, Lundh D, et al. Permission to use images outside the context of PDQ information must be obtained from the owner(s) and cannot be granted by the National Cancer Institute. It is postulated that these variations, at least in part, can be attributed to several single nucleotide polymorphisms in genes involved in red-pigment lycopene and lipid metabolism. : A tomato-based, lycopene-containing intervention for androgen-independent prostate cancer: results of a Phase II study from the North Central Cancer Treatment Group. [10] Four of the 13 compounds, epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), delphinidin chloride, kaempferol, and punicic acid, exhibited an ability to inhibit cell growth in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, forced expression of ID2 in cells treated with 80 M EGCG resulted in reduced apoptosis, suggesting that EGCG may cause cell death via an ID2-related mechanism. Zyflamend is a dietary supplement that contains supercritical, The individual components of Zyflamend have, In other preclinical studies, Zyflamend demonstrated single-agent anticancer activity, and it improved cancer suppression when used with hormonal and. Many of the medical and scientific terms used in this summary are hypertext linked (at first use in each section) to the NCI Dictionary of Cancer Terms, which is oriented toward nonexperts. A meta-analysis, published in the same report, revealed no association between specific variants and prostate cancer stage (TNM staging system), but it found that three genotypes (BSML, APAL, and TAQL) may be associated with cancer grade (Gleason score), suggesting there may be a link between specific VDR polymorphisms and advanced prostate cancer at diagnosis. Higher serum alpha-tocopherol levels, at both baseline and the 3-year point, were associated with improved prostate cancer survival. Mariani S, Lionetto L, Cavallari M, et al. Mol Cell Endocrinol 219 (1-2): 171-80, 2004. Cancer Biol Ther 6 (2): 228-36, 2007. : Soy and soy isoflavones in prostate cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Awad AB, Burr AT, Fink CS: Effect of resveratrol and beta-sitosterol in combination on reactive oxygen species and prostaglandin release by PC-3 cells. The cells overexpressing manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) were the only ones able to suppress selenite-induced apoptosis. Small, solid tumors appeared earlier in mice drinking normal water only than in mice drinking PJ (8 days vs. 1114 days). Wang L, Alcon A, Yuan H, et al. Cancer 121 (12): 1949-56, 2015. : Effect of soy protein isolate supplementation on biochemical recurrence of prostate cancer after radical prostatectomy: a randomized trial. Hendrickson WK, Flavin R, Kasperzyk JL, et al. : High dose pulse calcitriol, docetaxel and estramustine for androgen independent prostate cancer: a phase I/II study. Some companies distribute selenium as a dietary supplement. [18], In contrast, in a study reported in 2011, there were more metastases in secondary organs in genistein-treated mice than in vehicle-treated mice. : Suppression of androgen receptor signaling and prostate specific antigen expression by (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate in different progression stages of LNCaP prostate cancer cells. In one study, FruHis (a ketosamine in dehydrated tomatoes) combined with lycopene resulted in greater growth inhibition of implanted rat prostate cancer cells than did lycopene or FruHis alone. Tate PL, Bibb R, Larcom LL: Milk stimulates growth of prostate cancer cells in culture. [25], An analysis of 4,459 men in the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study who were initially diagnosed with prostate cancer found that selenium supplementation of 140 g or more per day after diagnosis of nonmetastatic prostate cancer may increase risk of prostate cancer mortality. Therefore, premarket evaluation and approval of such supplements by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) are not required unless specific disease prevention or treatment claims are made. [9] Pygeum um, saw palmetto (Serenoa repens), and some legumes can contain rather high concentrations. Hsu A, Bray TM, Helferich WG, et al. Men received either lycopene supplements (30 mg/d) or no intervention twice daily for 3 weeks before radical prostatectomy. : Pomegranate juice consumption for 3 years by patients with carotid artery stenosis reduces common carotid intima-media thickness, blood pressure and LDL oxidation. Human studies evaluating isoflavones and soy for the prevention and treatment of prostate cancer have included epidemiological studies and early-phase trials. Because of increased beta versus alpha estrogen receptor binding, soy-derived compounds are thought to be protective of bone. Choo CS, Mamedov A, Chung M, et al. In the 13-week follow-up study, the no-observed-adverse-effectlevel was greater than 600 mg/kg per day of Polyphenon E.[24] When the study was conducted in nonfasted dogs under the same testing conditions and dose levels, the results were unremarkable. [3], Vitamin Dbinding protein (VDBP) transports vitamin D in the bloodstream. J Med Chem 54 (5): 1321-32, 2011. Nutr Cancer 62 (2): 198-207, 2010. The risk of prostate cancer decreased by 21% for every 25 mg/L increase in blood alpha-tocopherol levels. 2nd ed. Agricultural Archaeology 3 (3): 3239, 2019. Klein EA, Thompson IM, Tangen CM, et al. Papaioannou M, Schleich S, Roell D, et al. Treating cells with EGCG, kaempferol, and punicic acid further resulted in apoptosis, with punicic acid (a major constituent of pomegranate seeds) being the strongest inducer of apoptosis. Holmstrom A, Wu RT, Zeng H, et al. [10] A meta-analysis of nine nested case-control studies, representing approximately 370,000 men from several countries, also found an inverse relationship between blood alpha-tocopherol levels and prostate cancer risk in all patients studied rather than limited to a smoking subset. The results showed that, among prostate cancer survivors, vitamin or mineral use ranged from 26% to 35%. Huang EC, Zhao Y, Chen G, et al. Cui R, Liu ZQ, Xu Q: Blood -tocopherol, -tocopherol levels and risk of prostate cancer: a meta-analysis of prospective studies. One study randomly assigned 79 men before prostatectomy to a nutritional intervention with tomato products containing 30 mg of lycopene daily; tomato products plus selenium, omega-3 fatty acids, soy isoflavones, grape/pomegranate juice, and green/black tea; or a control diet for 3 weeks. : Zyflamend, a polyherbal preparation, inhibits invasion, suppresses osteoclastogenesis, and potentiates apoptosis through down-regulation of NF-kappa B activation and NF-kappa B-regulated gene products. : Plasma vitamin D and prostate cancer risk: results from the Selenium and Vitamin E Cancer Prevention Trial. Am J Clin Nutr 98 (6 Suppl): 1676S-1681S, 2013. [26] However, these data from population studies must be interpreted with caution as the studies relied on self-reported data obtained using varying forms of dietary data collection instruments with recall bias, in addition to numerous forms of individual or multiple isoflavones, soy supplements, and soy foods. : Calpain activation through galectin-3 inhibition sensitizes prostate cancer cells to cisplatin treatment. [23], A 2015 systematic review and meta-analysis of studies investigating dietary lycopene intake/circulating lycopene levels and prostate cancer risk found that when lycopene intake was higher, the incidence of prostate cancer was reduced (P = .078). Rabiau N, Kossa M, Braud M, et al. [32], In a recently reported prospective study of 27,934 U.S. Adventist men who were followed for up to 7.9 years, consumption of canned and cooked tomato-based products (measured as grams for both tomato products and lycopene), was inversely related to the risk of prostate cancer compared with those with zero intake of these foods. In most cases, symptoms of vitamin D toxicity are caused by hypercalcemia, but limited evidence suggests high concentrations of vitamin D may also be expressed in various organs, including the following: Symptoms of toxicity may be observed at an intake of 10,000 to 50,000 IU per day over a period of many years. [10] Interestingly, however, a rare condition caused by mutations in the adenosine triphosphate-binding cassette (ABC) transporter ABCG5 or ABCG8 genes results in an inherited sterol storage disease with markedly increased serum concentrations of plant sterols such as sitosterol and leads to premature atherosclerosis and large xanthomas. : Effects of pomegranate chemical constituents/intestinal microbial metabolites on CYP1B1 in 22Rv1 prostate cancer cells. : Prostatic soy isoflavone concentrations exceed serum levels after dietary supplementation. The animals consumed low (0.2%) or high (2.0%) calcium diets and were sacrificed at age 5, 7, or 9 weeks. Six genetic variants associated with plasma 25(OH)D concentration were used as instrumental variables. [32] A case-control study analyzed the correlation between VDBP SNPs and prostate cancer risk. These changes were not statistically significant, compared with the changes in the control arm for this sample size and duration of intervention. A 2015 meta-analysis of this literature concluded that high intakes of dairy products, milk, low-fat milk, cheese, total dietary calcium, and dairy calcium may increase prostate cancer risk. Schwartz GG, Hanchette CL: UV, latitude, and spatial trends in prostate cancer mortality: all sunlight is not the same (United States). Companies distribute calcium as a dietary supplement. The relationship between vitamin D and prostate cancer has been examined in numerous epidemiological studies with mixed results. [5], Androgen metabolism in prostate cancer cells may be altered by 1,25(OH)2D, providing an additional antitumor mechanism. Board members review recently published articles each month to determine whether an article should: Changes to the summaries are made through a consensus process in which Board members evaluate the strength of the evidence in the published articles and determine how the article should be included in the summary. : Serum Metabolomic Response to Low- and High-Dose Vitamin E Supplementation in Two Randomized Controlled Trials. : Serum prostate-specific antigen but not testosterone levels decrease in a randomized soy intervention among men. [8], Beta-sitosterol is a member of the phytosterol family of phytochemicals. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 121 (1-2): 391-4, 2010. In four phase I, single-dose, and multidose studies that targeted healthy volunteers who took a botanical drug substance containing a mixture of catechins, Polyphenon E, and a dose range of 200 to 1,200 mg EGCG was well tolerated. Brown MJ, Ferruzzi MG, Nguyen ML, et al. Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis 18 (3): 242-8, 2015. Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis 6 (4): 301-4, 2003.