Atlas of northwestern Mediterranean coccolithophores. Paul Parey Verlag, Hamburg, 617 p. (Translated from E. Mayr, 1963, Animal species and evolution, Modern coccolithophoridae of the Atlantic Ocean-1. 1. Peaks of abundances at 25 m depth occurred in winter 1992 (January/February), summer/autumn 1992 (August/October), summer 1993 (June) and autumn 1993 (October). (B) Histogram of coccolith diameter (m). However, coccospheres of C. leptoporus are always present in the water column, and significant seasonal variations in abundances, as well as depth distribution patterns can be observed. Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results. This discrepancy needs to be resolved before any morphological signal obtained in the fossil . The definitions of the morphotypes are as follows: small, with a coccolith diameter <5 m; intermediate with a coccolith diameter between 5 and 8 m; and large with a coccolith diameter >8 m. Pale shading <50 samples in time bin. Calcareous Nannofossil Biostratigraphy. We suggest you upgrade to a modern browser. Interpret with caution &. Rendering the interpretation of our results even more difficult is the potential variation due to life-cycle. The Subantarctic Zone of the Southern Ocean plays a disproportionally large role on the Earth system. Btvik, H., Heimdal, B. R., Fagerbakke, K. M. and Green, J. C. (. Pale shading <50 samples in time bin. 2003 2002, and illustrated here). Our website has detected that you are using an outdated insecure browser that will prevent you from using the site. gs OYoung, J. R. (1998). A guide to extant coccolithophore taxonomy. Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results. Journal of Paleontology. A summer thermal stratification builds up from April to August and is subsequently eroded during the autumn [September to December; (Michaels and Knap, 1996)]. (1994) U.S. Joint Global Ocean Flux Study, Bermuda Atlantic Time-Series Study. (ed.) (Knappertsbusch et al., 1997). All three forms separated from morphotype C by pronounced cladogenetic events during the Late Miocene and Pliocene, and hence may represent separate species. Dissertation, ETH Zrich, 141 pp. Miocene-Pliocene nannofossils and sedimentation rates in the Hatton-Rockall Basin, NE Atlantic Ocean. A., Sprengel, C. & Medlin, L. K. (2004). See also: Calcidiscus leptoporus subsp. In May 2023, Frontiers adopted a new reporting platform to be Counter 5 compliant, in line with industry standards. 120: 523-537. gs, Young, J. R. (1998). Search for other works by this author on: Assemblages of pelagic thaliaceans in oceanographic features at the tropical-temperate transition zone of a western boundary current, Coupling of light and nutrients affects Microcystis gas vesicle content at different depths, Diel, seasonal and vertical changes in the pelagic amphipod communities in the subarctic Pacific: insights from imaging analysis. 2006First occurrence (base): within NN6 zone (11.90-13.53Ma, base in Serravallian stage). 25: 579-633. gs, Perch-Nielsen, K. (1972). 36(269-491): -. Some new and stratigraphically useful calcareous nannofossils of the Cenozoic. Multidisciplinary research on the cosmopolitan coccolithophore species Calcidiscus leptoporus within the CODENET research project has revealed that it is composed of at least two separate . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA. 55: 389-405. gs, Mller, C. (1979). These results suggest that the grazing impact of the smaller and more abundant micro- and nanoprotozoans should be even higher and have a high impact, yet not well assessed, on phytoplankton dynamics. A previous morphometric study on coccoliths of C. leptoporus, carried out on a global set of Holocene sediment samples, indicated that temperature might be a significant factor influencing the size distribution of C. leptoporus. Morphotypes C, D, and A are very similar to a coccolith that specialists call Calcidiscus macintyrei, but in the present phylogenetic model they may belong to separate species with similar morphology. Coccolithophorid biodiversity: Evidence from the cosmopolitan species Calcidiscus leptoporus. Archiv fr Protistenkunde. These results emphasize the necessity of plankton studies in order to interpret patterns observed in sediments. 149: 79-145. gs O, Loeblich, A. R. & Tappan, H. (1978). This suggests that the two subpopulations may not be independent and that progressive transition from intermediate towards large C. leptoporus may occur. A first discrepancy is due to a shift of the linear relationship between coccolith diameter and the number of elements; Hydrostation S coccoliths being usually larger for the same number of elements than in Holocene sediment. No significant correlation between environmental parameters and C. leptoporus abundances was found. 253261. 152: 1-315. gsMller, C. (1974). Geitzenauer, K. R., Roche, M. B. and McIntyre, A. Data source: Raffi et al. (D) November 1991, 75 m. (G) November 1991, 10 m (intermediate). Calcidiscus leptoporus (Murray and Blackman, 1898) Loeblich and Tappan is a cosmopolitan species (McIntyre and B, 1967; Geitzenauer et al., 1977) with a fossil record dating back to the Early Miocene (Young, 1998). The results of this study therefore emphasize that, although large-scale studies may suggest relatively simple relationships between morphological variations of coccolithophores and environmental parameters, such as temperature, seasonal variations may not match these patterns and may even show an inverse relationship to that observed in sediment samples. Morphological variations of Calcidiscus leptoporus through time and depth during the year 1991. In, Thierstein, H. R. & Young, J. R. (eds) Coccolithophores - From molecular processes to global impact. Naturhistorisches Museum, Augustinergasse 2, 4001-Basel, Switzerland, https://doi.org/10.1666/0022-3360(2000)074<0712:MEOTCC>2.0.CO;2, Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. S. R. and C. K. have been funded through the EC TMR project CODENET Coccolithophorid Evolutionary Biodiversity and Ecology Network (FRMX-ET97-0113) and the Swiss NF grant 205353676.98 to H. R. Thierstein. 51, pp. 48: 589-639. gs Murray, G. & Blackman, V. H. (1898). Were sorry, but GBIF doesnt work properly without JavaScript enabled. -. Content may require purchase if you do not have access. The composition of coccolith assemblages has also been used for paleoceanographic reconstructions (McIntyre et al., 1970). Oligocene to Pleistocene taxonomy and stratigraphy of the genus Helicosphaera and other placolith taxa in the circum North Atlantic Basin. 2003; Calcidiscus leptoporus type B Kleijne 1993; Calcidiscus uniforatus Kamptner (1963) [isolated distal shield] Interpret with caution &. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, Coccolithophora leptopora (Murray & Blackman) Lohmann, 1902, Coccolithus leptoporus (Murray & Blackman) Schiller, 1930, Coccosphaera leptopora G.Murray & V.H.Blackman, 1898, Cyclococcolithus leptoporus (Murray & Blackman) Kamptner, 1954, Calcidiscus leptoporus (G.Murray & V.H.Blackman) A.R.Loebl. This overall geographic pattern corresponds to a significant trend of size increase with increasing temperature [Figure 19 in (Knappertsbusch, 1990)], due to the increasing occurrence of large specimens in tropical samples. (2017). 7: 131-142. gs de Kaenel, E. & Villa, G. (1996). The frequency distribution of the morphological parameters for all our time-series samples, based on more than 400 coccospheres, was considered, in order to test the generality of the previously defined morphotypes and to identify the morphotypes present off Bermuda (Figure 1). Selected Neogenecalcareous nannofossil index taxa of the from Southern Ocean: Biochronology, biometrics and paleoceanography. Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results. Calcareous nannofssils from the North Atlantic (Leg 48). Abundance of Calcidiscus leptoporus. 2003)First occurrence (base): within NN2 zone (19.00-22.82Ma, base in Aquitanian stage). Speciation patterns such as cladogenesis and phyletic divergence were observed, but stasis also existed over prolonged time-intervals. Alternatively, the two subpopulations could be the expression of the same genotype with high morphological plasticity. temperature, salinity, nutrient concentrations, primary production and chlorophyll a standing stocks have been compared to C. leptoporus population dynamics and morphology. S1: 1-132. gs, Cros, L. & Fortuo, J. In addition, a progressive size increase is observed during the summer/autumn 1992 and 1993, leading from an intermediate population characteristic of the spring period, to a mixed intermediate/large population characteristic of winter times. We follow Geisen et al. Remarks on Late Cretaceous to Pleistocene coccoliths from the North Atlantic. A., Browning, E. & Blair, S. A. Coccoliths are major contributors to deep-sea carbonate sediments and have a well-documented fossil record dating back to the Triassic. Placoliths and Cyrtoliths, Coccoliths and the Pliocene-Pleistocene boundary, On the Nature of the Coccospheres and Rhabdospheres, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Biological Series, What is gradualism? 12: 1003-1069. gs, Perch-Nielsen, K. (1984). 52: 1390-1392. gs, Martini, E. & Bramlette, M. N. (1963). In, Bown, P. R. 89: 279-316. gsKleijne, A. University of Kansas Paleontological Contributions, Papers. In the modern nannoflora C. leptoporus has often been subdivided into small (<5m), intermedate (5-8m), and large (>8m) forms. Senckenbergiana Lethaea. quadriperforatus compiled by Jeremy R. Young, Paul R. Bown, Jacqueline A. Lees viewed: 4-6-2023, No comments yet on this page. Validation of new combinations. Zar, J. H. (1999) Biostatistical Analysis. The Bermuda region is characterized by a strong seasonality and most of the biotic and abiotic parameters co-vary through the year according to the seasonal pattern (Michaels and Knap, 1996). (1998) Coccolithophores at the time-series station Aloha, Hawaii: population dynamics and ecology. The differences in the mean parameters within each group can be interpreted as the effect of mixing in various proportions of the three different morphotypes identified by Knappertsbusch et al. McIntyre, A., B, A. W. H. and Roche, M. B. Since the biological processes leading to the morphological variability in sediment assemblages is largely unknown, the interpretation of the relationship between morphology and environment remains limited. Mmoires de la Socit Gologique de France. 66: 1-186. gs, Geisen, M., Billard, C., Broerse, A. T. C., Cros, L., Probert, I. 37: 531-550. gs Geisen, M. et al. The frequency distribution histograms and bivariate plots between coccolith diameter and coccosphere diameter (Figure 1D) and number of elements (Figure 1E) indicate, however, a significant overlap in the morphological characteristics of the two morphotypes. Finally, the seasonal morphological variations of C. leptoporus have been compared to those observed across its distribution area (Knappertsbusch et al., 1997), in order to identify either common patterns of reaction to environmental parameters, or discrepancies highlighting the difficulties to compare different scales of observation. Sabrina Renaud , Christine Klaas, Seasonal variations in the morphology of the coccolithophore Calcidiscus leptoporus off Bermuda (N. Atlantic), Journal of Plankton Research, Volume 23, Issue 8, August 2001, Pages 779795, https://doi.org/10.1093/plankt/23.8.779. 55: 389-405. gsMller, C. (1979). Speciation patterns such as cladogenesis and phyletic divergence were observed, but stasis also existed over prolonged time-intervals. The assumption of even cell distribution on the filters has been tested using 2 and log-likelihood ratio for a goodness of fit analysis of counts on low-density filter samples taken at the Hawaii Time-Series Station (Corts, 1998) using the same filtrations device and procedure as for the BATS samples. Coccosphere diameter, coccolith diameter and the number of elements per coccolith vary together although the smaller sample size for coccospheres provides a less accurate picture of the morphological variations taking place. 29: 1-7. gs, Janin, M. -C. (1987b). However, a study of this type does not provide information on the biological significance of these morphotypes and does not allow consideration of instantaneous relationships between morphological characteristics of C. leptoporus and environmental conditions. Some new and stratigraphically useful calcareous nannofossils of the Cenozoic. Morphology: Coccoliths large sized, 7-11 m, with 20-35 elements; distal shield sutures smoothly curved on shield then obscured around crest of tube. The influence of predation (in the broad sense including parasitehost interactions) has been often hypothesized to explain seasonal dynamics and species succession. Life-cycle associations involving pairs of holococcolithophorid species: intraspecific variation or cryptic speciation? quadriperforatus, https://mikrotax.org/Nannotax3/index.php?id=179, Sub-taxa & variants (time control age-window is: 0-800Ma), Lith size: 3->10m; Coccosphere size: 5->20m; Liths per sphere: 20->50, Triangles indicate an event for which a precise placement has been suggested, Histogram - Neptune occurrence data from DSDP and ODP proceedings. However, mixed intermediate/large populations do not display an obvious bimodal frequency distribution of the morphological parameters, but rather a highly variable monomodal distribution. ), Oceanic Micropaleontology. quadriperforatus. 1-321. gsQuinn, P., Sez, A. G., Baumann, K. -H., Steel, B. This interpretation is supported by the fact the intermediate subpopulation shows phenotypic plasticity related to changes in environmental conditions. Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project. Senckenbergiana Lethaea. Hence, although nutrient and chlorophyll a from the BATS site should provide seasonal trends similar to Hydrostation S for comparison with C. leptoporus dynamics it does not allow an interpretation of the relationships in terms of absolute values. Roman, M. R., Dam, H. G., Gauzens, A. L. and Napp, J. M. (, Thomsen, H. A., Ostergaard, J. Knappertsbusch, M., Corts, M. Y. and Thierstein, H. R. (. Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results. A., Sprengel, C. & Medlin, L. K. (2004). Senckenbergiana Lethaea. Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project. However, we provide evidence for significant morphological plasticity linked to seasonality and possibly temperature. & Ostergaard, J. 3950. Coccolithophorid biodiversity: Evidence from the cosmopolitan species Calcidiscus leptoporus. Calcareous nannofossils from the Paleogene equatorial Pacific (IODP Expedition 320 Sites U1331-1334). With the present status of knowledge, it is not possible to propose a sound differential diagnosis in the plexus C. leptoporus-C. macintyrei, which would allow differentiation among species at each point in space and time. Morphotypes A and B are supposed to belong to an extinct morphocline and may thus be ecophenotypes of one species. Calcareous Nannofossil Biostratigraphy. Received: 06 Feb 2023; Variants: A detailed study through time and depth has first been performed for the year 1991 (Figure 3). -M. (2002). Morphotype C developed from morphotype I during the Early Miocene and is the precursor of an extra large morphotype D, and two other morphotypes, A and B. A review of calcareous nannofossil astrobiochronology encompassing the past 25 million years. JavaScript must be enabled for certain features to work. On the nature of the Coccospheres and Rhabdospheres. Calcareous nannofssils from the North Atlantic (Leg 48). Journal of Nannoplankton Research. In Ramsey, A. T. S. Remarks on Late Cretaceous to Pleistocene coccoliths from the North Atlantic. (2004). Data source: [JRY rough estimate], References:Cros, L. & Fortuo, J. Two main periods can be recognized (Figure 3). Validation of new combinations. University of Kansas Paleontological Contributions, Papers. Distinguishing features: Parent taxon (C. leptoporus group): Circular, sub-circular and broadly-eliptical calcidiscid coccoliths with closed central-area.This taxon: Large circular species of Calcidiscus with central opening. (1998) Calcareous Nannofossil Biostratigraphy. Utrecht Micropaleontological Bulletin. Middle Eocene to Pleistocene calcareous nannofossils recovered by Ocean Drilling Program leg 113 in the Weddell Sea. Prentice Hall Englewood Cliffs, NJ, pp. ), Quantitative biochronology of Pliocene and early Pleistocene calcareous nannofossils from the Atlantic, Indian and Pacific Oceans, Paleogeography, Paleoclimatology, Paleoecology, Vernderlichkeit der Coccolithophoriden-Flora des Europischen Nordmeeres im Jungquartr, Berichte aus dem Sonderforschungsbereich 313 Sedimentation im Europischen Nordmeer, A revised Cenozoic geochronology and chronostratigraphy, Geochronology, Time Scales and Global Stratigraphic Correlation, Morphometric analyses of the Late Neogene planktonic foraminiferal lineage, Calcareous nannoplankton ranges, Deep-Sea Drilling Project Leg 23, Morphometrics of the Paleocene coccolith genera, Coccolith stratigraphy, Arabian and Red Seas, Deep Sea Drilling Project Leg 23, Some new and stratigraphically useful calcareous nannofossils of the Cenozoic, Tulane Studies in Geology and Paleontology, Revised calibration of the geomagnetic polarity timescale for the Late Cretaceous and Cenozoic, GEOCORES: Inventaire informatis des roches et sdiments marins conservs au Musum d'Histoire Naturelle, Bulletin du Musum national d'Histoire naturelle de Paris, 4, Oligocene-Miocene calcareous nannofossil biostratigraphy and paleoecology from the Iberia Abyssal Plain, Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Stable isotopic composition of coccoliths, Coccoliths in Pleistocene-Holocene nannofossil assemblages, Punctuated equilibria: An alternative to phyletic gradualism, Upper ocean temperature and nutrient contrasts inferred from Pleistocene planktonic foraminifera , Proceedings of the ODP, Scientific results, Coccolith biogeography from North Atlantic and Pacific surface sediments, Cryptic speciation in the living planktonic foraminifer, The orbital theory of Pleistocene Climate: Support from a revised chronology of the marine , Essai de datation de quelques concrtions polymtalliques et volution quarternaire du coccolithe, Bulletin de la Socit gologique de France, Phenology of morphologic change in radiolarian lineages from deep-sea cores: implications for macroevolution, The role of phyletic change in the evolution of, Microevolutionary patterns in Late Cenozoic Radiolaria, Morphology, taxonomy and distribution of extant coccolithophorids (calcareous nannoplankton), Geographic distribution of modern coccolithophorids in the Mediterranean Sea and morphological evolution of, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zrich, Geographic distribution of living and Holocene coccolithophores in the Mediterranean Sea, Morphologic variability of the coccolithophorid, Latitudinal variation in the planktonic foraminifer, Differences between evolution of mean form and evolution of new morphotypes: an example from Late Cretaceous planktonic foraminifera, Speciation in pelagic protista and its study in the planktonic microfossil record: a review, Sympatric speciation and phyletic change in, Phyletic gradualism in a Late Cenozoic planktonic foraminiferal lineage; DSDP Site 284, southwest Pacific, Evidence for punctuated gradualism in the Late Neogene, Time-progressive morphometric changes of the genus, Artbegriff und Evolution. Mmoires de la Socit Gologique de France. 2002, Geisen et al. Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results. Species level variation in coccolithophores. Journal of Nannoplankton Research. quadriperforatus (Kamptner 1937) Geisen et al., 2002 Rank: sub-species Basionym: Syracosphaera quadriperforata Kamptner 1937 Synonyms: Calcidiscus quadriperforatus (Kamptner 1937) Quinn & Geisen, in Saez et al. Coccolithophores, unicellular calcite producing algae, are a conspicuous part of this phytoplankton. Variations in morphology of C. leptoporus are associated with the variations in abundances, as shown by the differences in seasonal dynamics of abundances of the intermediate and large subpopulations. The seasonal dynamics of C. leptoporus, therefore, appears to be the consequence of plankton community interactions and, possibly, of life-cyle. Journal of Nannoplankton Research. Morphological variations of selected coccolith species in a sediment trap north of the Canary Islands. 225-265. gs, Calcidiscus macintyrei compiled by Jeremy R. Young, Paul R. Bown, Jacqueline A. Lees viewed: 4-6-2023. Future culture experiments will be needed to test this hypothesis. Multidisciplinary research on the cosmopolitan coccolithophore species Calcidiscus leptoporus within the CODENET research project has revealed that it is composed of at least two separate species (Calcidiscus leptoporus and Calcidiscus quadriperforatus), characterized by differences in their coccolith morphology, life cycle, distribution, ecology and molecular genetics. From January to February, coccospheres were present from the surface to 200 m with peak values (up to 109 coccospheres/litre) at 100 to 150 m depth. Distinguishing features: Parent taxon (C. leptoporus group): Circular, sub-circular and broadly-eliptical calcidiscid coccoliths with closed central-area.This taxon: Species of Calcidiscus producing circular to sub-circular coccoliths with, closed central-area. Alternatively, due to the lack of paleoenvironmental and biogeographic observations in the past, it cannot be discounted that all morphotypes found in this investigation simply represent ecovariants of one species. The assemblages from the tropical Pacific correspond to frequent occurrence of small (<5 m) coccoliths. Published online by Cambridge University Press: Oligocene-Miocene calcareous nannofossil biostratigraphy and paleoeecology from the Iberian Abyssal Plain. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA. Samples were taken from January 1991 to January 1994, at roughly monthly intervals. Samples were analysed at 1 and 10 m depth whenever available, and at 25, 50, 75, 100, 150 and 200 m depth for the year 1991 (Table I). E. J. Brill, Leiden 81-88. gs, Baumann, K. -H. & Sprengel, C. (2000). Billard, C. (1994). U. S. JGOFS Planning Office, Woods Hole, MA, USA. During 1991, 1992 and 1993, maximum nitrate concentrations of 0.46, 0.71 and 0.28 mol/kg, respectively, were recorded at the BATS site (Michaels and Knap, 1996; Knap et al., 1993, 1994). The two subpopulations show different seasonal patterns. (2006). Journal of Nannoplankton Research. Calcidiscus leptoporus type B Kleijne 1993 Pseudo-cryptic speciation in coccolithophores. Knap, A. H., Michaels, A. F., Dow, R.L., Johnson, R. J., Gundersen, K., Sorensen, J. C., Close, A. R., Howse, F. A., Bates, N., Best, M., Hammer, M. and Doyle, A. Each morphotype can, however, be defined by a single parameter since coccosphere size, coccolith diameter and number of elements are linearly correlated in natural populations (Knappertsbusch et al., 1997). Data source: Young (1998), References:Backman, J. Abundances in 1992 and 1993 never reached values as high as those in May/July 1991, but seasonal variations can still be observed. Farinacci & Howe catalog pages: C. macintyrei *, Geological Range: Notes: Use of the name C. macintyrei is normally confined to the large specimens occurring in the Plioceneand early Pleistocene although similar morphotypes do occur in the Miocene. Neue und bemerkenswerte Coccolithineen aus dem Mittelmeer. The coccolithophorid genus Calcidiscus Kamptner and its synonyms. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. During this period, C. leptoporus abundances in the upper 100 m of the water column were close to or below our detection limit (about 10 coccospheres/litre). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. 55: 389-405. gs, Mller, C. (1974). Coccosphere perimeter was measured and converted to a mean diameter value using the corresponding formula for a circle, i.e. 55: 389-405. gsMller, C. (1974). European Journal of Phycology. Micropaleontologie de concretions polymetalliques du Pacifique central: zone Clarion-Clipperton, chaine Centre-Pacifique, lles de la Ligne et archipel des Tuoamotou (Eocene-Actuel). & Young, J. R. (2002a). A detailed investigation of the morphological evolution of the coccolithophorids Calcidiscus leptoporus and C. macintyrei from the Early Miocene to the Quaternary shows that microevolutionary patterns were very complex. They have been studied through time and depth for the year 1991, and on shallow samples from January 1991 to January 1994. This association seems to be rare and very localized in time and space, but might be characteristic of this period. In, Bown, P. R. (B) February 1991, 100 m (large). B. Academic Press, London, Vol. Green, J. C., Heimdal, B. R., Paasche, E. and Moate, R. (. 32(2): 3-51. gs Oda Gama, R. O. Environmental data available for comparison with population dynamics and morphological variations of C. leptoporus were retrieved from the data server of the Bermuda Biological Station (http://www.bbsr.edu/users/ctd/). S1: 1-132. gs, Calcidiscus leptoporus subsp. 48: 589-639. gs, Murray, G. & Blackman, V. H. (1898). A tentative phylogeny was constructed for these morphotypes suggesting, that they belong to one extant species and several extinct species. Deep nitrate concentrations (between 100 and 200 m depth) show a trend opposite to those at the surface, with lowest values (similar to surface values) during winter and highest values during summer/autumn. In, Bown, P. R. Caracterizao taxonmica e ecolgica das comunidades pico-, nano- e microplanctnicas, superficial e profunda, da zona euftica do Atlntico Sul. (A) In the water column during 1991 (dots represent data points). May 1991, 1 m. (I) Crystallolithus rigidus, with heterococcoliths of C. leptoporus visible inside, May 1991, 1 m. (J) Heterococcolithophore C. leptoporus with remains of the holococcolithophore Crystallolithus rigidus, May 1991, 25 m. Scale bars 10 m. Moreover, as the longest observational time series available are only a few decades long, it remains unknown whether marine pelagic ecosystems have already responded to ongoing environmental change during the industrial era. Corts, M. Y. Frontiers | Reduction in size of the calcifying phytoplankton Calcidiscus leptoporus to environmental changes between the Holocene and modern Subantarctic Southern Ocean Volume 10 - 2023 | Reduction in size of the calcifying phytoplankton Calcidiscus leptoporus to environmental changes between the Holocene and modern Subantarctic Southern Ocean Journal of Nannoplankton Research. Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project. 2., pp. (2002) in treating them as sub-species, but algologists often treat them as species, following Quinn et al. (B) Near-surface inter-annual variations. (ed.) Brands, J. View all Google Scholar citations Calcareous nannofossils from Neogene of Trinidad, Jamaica, and Gulf of Mexico. 37(2-3): 145-175. gs O, Bukry, D. & Bramlette, M. N. (1969b). (H) Holococcolithophore Crystallolithus rigidus. Essentially this is a large variant of C. tropicus. They explain, however, relatively poorly, the variance observed (124% of the variance explained). British Micropalaeontological Society Publication Series . The coccolithophorid genus Calcidiscus Kamptner and its synonyms. Springer, Berlin 299-326. gs, Wei, W. & Wise, S. W. (1990). (1980). Selected Neogenecalcareous nannofossil index taxa of the from Southern Ocean: Biochronology, biometrics and paleoceanography. This area experiences strong seasonal variations in environmental parameters (Michaels and Knap, 1996) and therefore seems well suited for study of small-scale seasonal variations of coccolithophore morphology. (1899-12-31 23:00:00) Systema Naturae 2000. Coccolithophores are a group of marine unicellular planktonic algae, member of the Haptophyta, producing calcite platelets (coccoliths) surrounding the cell. Data Report for BATS 25 BATS 36, October 1990 September 1991. Nannoplankton aus dem Mittel-Miozn von Walbersdorf (Burgenland). Abundances, however, were lower compared to the spring/summer conditions (maximum of 69 coccospheres/litre). Calcareous nannofossil biostratigraphy of the Miocene and revision of the helicoliths and discoasters. Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results. Taxonomy: Citation: Calcidiscus macintyrei (Bukry and Bramlette, 1969) Loeblich and Tappan, 1978 Rank: Species Basionym: Cyclococcolithus macintyrei Bukry and Bramlette, 1969 Taxonomic discussion: Usually confined to specimens >10m to allow unambiguous biostratigraphic use. New Late Oligocene to Miocene Species. 36(269-491): -. Journal of Nannoplankton Research. An in-depth review of all available evidence for the existence of hidden evolutionary biodiversity in extant C. leptoporus is presented, including new and previously published data from CODENET research. This page references Raffi et al., (2006), yet the top occurrence (~0.44Ma) doesn't appear to reflect the updated top occurrence of ~1.64Ma. Mesozoic and Cenozoic calcareous nannofossils recovered by DSDP Leg 36 drilling on the Falkland Plateau, south-west Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean. Accordingly, holococcolithophore occurrence at Hydrostation S was associated with the beginning of water stratification and the subsequent depletion in nutrients and might therefore be a response to the transition towards nutrient-poor conditions at Hydrostation S. This event is, however, poorly documented, with only a few observations recorded during May 1991. The changes observed in clones . Pale shading <50 samples in time bin. Essentially this is a large variant of C. tropicus.. Distinguishing features: . The limit at 8 m is, therefore, somewhat artificial and mixing of the two morphotypes can occasionally occur on a single coccosphere. The extant species is Calcidiscus leptoporus, which comprises the living morphotypes S, I, L, and F and one extinct morphotype E. Morphotype S is the most conservative one, which originated from an unknown ancestor during the Early Miocene or earlier, while morphotype I originated from S during the Early Miocene. 32(2): 3-51. gs O, da Gama, R. O. JavaScript must be enabled for certain features to work. B. P. & Varol, O. c.i. 113: 639-666. gs, Wei, W. & Wise, S. W. (1992). Perch-Nielsen, K. (1985) Cenozoic calcareous nanofossils. I don't have access to some of the other papers, so I was curious how reliable the geological range is for this nanno. The large forms are now distinguished as C. leptoporus subsp. A detailed investigation of the morphological evolution of the coccolithophorids Calcidiscus leptoporus and C. macintyrei from the Early Miocene to the Quaternary shows that microevolutionary patterns were very complex. Springer, Berlin 327-366. gs, Kamptner, E. (1937). The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon. ), Calcareous Nannofossil Biostratigraphy. These poor relationships reflect the fact that an important aspect of the seasonal morphological changes in C. leptoporus correspond to an increase in size variability during winter periods (Figure 6). A guide to extant coccolithophore taxonomy. May 1991 is thus characterized both by the disappearance of the large C. leptoporus and by a flourishing of intermediate ones. The progressive increase in size of the intermediate subpopulation from summer to winter (better documented during summer 1992 to winter 1993; Figure 5) suggests that the large subpopulation could actually derive from the intermediate one due to an increase in size and variability of C. leptoporus during the winter period. This type of association is believed to represent transition from the haploid (holococcolithophore) to diploid (heterococcolithophore) life-cycle phase (Billard, 1994). 28: 1-4. gs Gartner, S. (1967a). and Riedel, W.R. (eds), Micropaleontology of the Oceans. Nannoplankton aus dem Mittel-Miozn von Walbersdorf (Burgenland). INA Newsletter. A., Sprengel, C. & Medlin, L. K. (2004). 25: 3113-3137. gs, Salomon, R. (1999). Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Three morphological parameters are considered: coccosphere diameter (m), coccolith diameter (m), and number of elements per coccolith. The epithet quadriperforatus comes from the holococcolith stage. It is hoped that this study stimulates further morphometric and phylogenetical studies that will generate a more profound understanding of species in paleontology and biology in general. More importantly, our results show a trend between temperature and morphology opposite to the study of Knappertsbusch et al. Chapman & Hall, The University Press, Cambridge, pp. Senckenbergiana Lethaea. 25: 579-633. gs Perch-Nielsen, K. (1972). Calcareous nannoplankton, Leg 25 (Western Indian Ocean). Notably, extrapolation of our results suggests a future reduction in cell and coccolith size which will have a negative impact on the efficiency of the biological pump in the Southern Ocean through a reduction of carbonate ballasting. In, Theirstein, H. R. & Young J. R. (eds) Coccolithophores - From molecular processes to global impact. 167186. McIntyre, A. and McIntyre, R. (1970) Coccolith concentration and differential solution in oceanic sediments. Close this message to accept cookies or find out how to manage your cookie settings. Haidar, A. T. (1997) Calcareous phytoplankton dynamics at Bermuda (N. Atlantic). Data source: present in the plankton (Young et al. Kleijne and Brand observed that holococcolithophores are more frequent in oligotrophic water (Kleijne, 1991; Brand, 1994). https://mikrotax.org/Nannotax3/index.php?id=185, Triangles indicate an event for which a precise placement has been suggested, Histogram - Neptune occurrence data from DSDP and ODP proceedings. 427554. In, Theirstein, H. R. & Young J. R. (eds) Coccolithophores - From molecular processes to global impact. A., Browning, E. & Blair, S. A. Calcidiscus medusoides Kamptner (1950) [isolated distal shield - see Gartner 1967] The three morphological parameters show a bimodal frequency distribution, indicating the mixing of two subpopulations. Whatever the biological significance of the intermediate and large subpopulations, the population dynamics of C. leptoporus does not appear to be primarily under the control of abiotic parameters such as temperature, but rather to be the consequence of interactions within the planktonic community in the study area. (1977) Coccolith biogeography from North Atlantic and Pacific surface sediments. An extinct lineage is proposed, including morphotypes C, D, A, and B, which all produced large coccoliths except morphotype B, which is small. B. and Hansen, L. E. (. (ed. Model projections predict rapid environmental change in the coming decades, including ocean acidification, warming, and changes in nutrient supply which pose a serious risk for marine ecosystems. Should we reconsider how to assess eutrophication? (ed.) Calcidiscus quadriperforatus (Kamptner 1937) Quinn & Geisen, in Saez et al. gs, Theodoridis, S. (1984). European Journal of Phycology. Journal of Paleontology. 149: 79-145. gs OLoeblich, A. R. & Tappan, H. (1978). } Selected Neogenecalcareous nannofossil index taxa of the from Southern Ocean: Biochronology, biometrics and paleoceanography. Journal of Paleontology. Baumann, K. H. (1990) Vernderlichkeit der Coccolithophoriden-flora des Europischen Nordmeeres im Jungquartr. Coccolithophore species with seasonal dynamics similar to C. leptoporus also showed higher abundances during 1991 as compared to the following years (Haidar, 1997; Haidar and Thierstein, 2001). The diameter and number of elements were also measured on some additional loose coccoliths, in order to increase sample size in case of samples with few or no C. leptoporus coccospheres. Tulane Studies in Geology. 28: 1-4. gs, Gartner, S. (1967a). For the year 1991 (Figure 2A), cell counts have been carried out on a monthly basis for 1, 25, 50, 75, 150 and 200 m and a detailed analysis of the abundances patterns of C. leptoporus is therefore possible. 6(1): 42-46. gs, Quinn, P., Sez, A. G., Baumann, K. -H., Steel, B. Chapman & Hall, London 315 pp. Crepidolithus etruscus Bartolini & Pirini (1969) [isolated proximal shield - JRY] (1993). Cryptic speciation in a globorotaliid foraminifera, Graphic correlation of oxygen isotope stratigraphy: application to the Late Quaternary, Late Oligocene through Early Pleistocene calcareous nannofossils from Western Equatorial Indian Ocean (Leg 115), Pleistocene evolution: Northern Hemisphere ice sheets and North Atlantic Ocean, Calcareous nannofossil biozonation of the Miocene and revision of the helicoliths and discoasters, Marine Geological and Geophysical Data from the Deep Sea Drilling Project, CD-ROM Data Set, Volume I, Sediment/Hardrock and Reference Files, U.S. Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Geophysical Data Center in cooperation and with support from Joint Oceanographic Institutions, Inc., U.S. Science Support Program through a contract with the U.S. National Science Foundation, Neogene calcareous nannofossils from the Makran of Pakistan and the Indian Ocean, Observations on heterococcolith rim structure and its relationship to developmental processes, Chapman and Hall, Kluwer Academic Publishers Group. 7: 131-142. gs, de Kaenel, E. & Villa, G. (1996). 225-265. gs, Backman, J. Such an association has been reported by Kleijne (Kleijne, 1991) from a sample taken in July 1985 in the Western Mediterranean Sea, and in another sample from Hydrostation S, May 1991 at a depth of 25 m (Corts, 2000). From January to April, both intermediate (Figure 4E) and large C. leptoporus (Figure 4A, B, C) are present through the whole water column down to 200 m. While, in May and thereafter large coccospheres disappear but intermediate ones are present mostly from 1 m to 25 m (Figure 4F, G). Calcidiscus leptoporus Name Synonyms Coccolithophora leptopora (Murray & Blackman) Lohmann, 1902 Coccolithus leptoporus (Murray & Blackman) Schiller, 1930 Coccosphaera leptopora G.Murray & V.H.Blackman, 1898 Cyclococcolithus leptoporus (Murray & Blackman) Kamptner, 1954 . Cambridge University Press, New York, pp. Quaternary Science Reviews. Calcidiscus leptoporus (G.Murray & V.H.Blackman) Loeblich Jr. & Tappan, 1978 Basionym: Coccosphaera leptopora G.Murray & V.H.Blackman, 1898 Synonyms: Calcidiscus quadriforatus (Kamptner) Deflandre, 1954 Coccolithophora leptopora (Murray & Blackman) Lohmann, 1902 Coccolithus leptoporus (Murray . B. and Perch-Nielsen, K. (eds), Plankton Stratigraphy. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). Morphology, Taxonomy and distribution of extant coccolithophorids (Calcareous nannoplankton). 32: 1-271. gs OWei, W. & Wise, S. W. (1992). Introduction Growth of phytoplankton in sea surface waters is often limited by the macronutrients nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) ( Beardall et al., 2001 ). The last occurrence of the species has been used as a sub-zonal marker (Raffi et al. Has data issue: false 190(1): 427-441. gs Perch-Nielsen, K. (1972). 152: 1-315. gs, Mller, C. (1974). British Micropalaeontological Society Publication Series . British Micropalaeontological Society Publication Series . Liths, number of additional loose coccoliths measured; Ab., abundances (coccospheres/l); Ab. (2017). Calcidiscus quadriforatus Kamptner (1950) [isolated proximal shield - see Gartner 1967] E. J. Brill, Leiden 81-88. gsBaumann, K. -H. & Sprengel, C. (2000). Calcareous nannofossils from the Paleogene equatorial Pacific (IODP Expedition 320 Sites U1331-1334). Additionally, the influence of environmental parameters on C. leptoporus morphology at Hydrostation S shows an opposite pattern to the results found on Holocene sediment samples. However, one important limitation on the use of coccolith assemblage composition for paleoceanographic studies is the different dissolution rates in the water column and sediments depending on species. However, it is often rare near its top which can make placement of the event dificult.Last occurrence (top): in mid part of MIS-58 Isotope stage (50% up, 1.7Ma, in Calabrian stage). In Bolli, H. M., Saunders, J. 33(1): 1-12. gs de Kaenel, E. & Villa, G. (1996). This depth has been chosen as the depth of maximum C. leptoporus abundances based on the analysis of the 1991 samples. Knappertsbusch et al. Calcidiscus leptoporus is a cosmopolitan coccolithophore species with one of the longest fossil records. Species level variation in coccolithophores. Cyclococcolithus leptoporus (Murray & Blackman, 1898) centrovalis Stradner & Fuchs (1980) - central area weakly eliptical = Calcidiscus leptoporus ssp. Utrecht Micropaleontological Bulletin. Forma: Calcidiscus leptoporus f. rigidus. Knappertsbusch, M. (1990) Geographic distribution of moderncoccolithophorids in the Mediterranean Sea and morphological evolution of Calcidiscus leptoporus. Stockholm Contributions in Geology. Citation: Calcidiscus macintyrei (Bukry and Bramlette, 1969) Loeblich and Tappan, 1978 Rank: SpeciesBasionym: Cyclococcolithus macintyrei Bukry and Bramlette, 1969Taxonomic discussion: Usually confined to specimens >10m to allow unambiguous biostratigraphic use. The inter-annual variability has been further considered by analysing samples at 25 m depth (or, if missing, at 1, 10, or 50 m) during the years 1992 and 1993, up to January 1994 (Table II). Springer, Berlin 299-326. gs Sez, A. G., Probert, I., Geisen, M., Quinn, P., Young, J. R. & Medlin, L. K. (2003). hasContentIssue false, Copyright The Paleontological Society 2000, Morphologic evolution of the coccolithophorid. The use of observation of changes in the morphological characteristics of the coccoliths evolving through time has constituted a major biostratigraphic tool (Perch-Nielsen, 1985; Bown, 1998). 2004, Quinn et al 2004). This discrepancy could be due to complex changes in seasonal population dynamics of C. leptoporus accross its distribution area. 36: 1-91. gs O, Bartolini, C. & Pirini, C. (1969). Dissertation, ETH Zrich, 175 pp. Since the aim of this work is to attempt to relate such a relationship in plankton samples to patterns observed in sediments, these results should be compared with biogeographic variations observed in recent sediments. Young, H. R. Thierstein, and two anonymous reviewers for useful discussions and comments on the manuscript. Bollmann, J. B. P. & Varol, O. Our time-series study over a 3 year period does not, however, allow discrimination between two hypotheses: mixing in various proportions of two genotypes with different morphological characteristics, corresponding to intermediate and large subpopulations, or as the result of the morphological plasticity of a single genotype in response to environmental variations. Tulane Studies in Geology. Journal of Nannoplankton Research. Temperature, primary production, chlorophyll a and nutrients explained 24, 20, 23 and 11% of the variance in coccolith size, respectively. (2013). Comparison of morphological variations of C. leptoporus at Hydrostation S with biogeographic variations observed in Holocene sediments, after Knappertsbusch et al. Although C. leptoporus abundances are not directly related to any environmental parameters, our results clearly show such a relationship with C. leptoporus morphology. (F) May 1991, 1 m (intermediate). B. -. 22(3): 185-193. gs, Bown, P. R. & Dunkley Jones, T. (2012). Journal of Nannoplankton Research. The cumulative effect of multiple environmental drivers appears responsible for the coccolith size variations since the Last Deglaciation, with warming and ocean acidification most likely playing a predominant role during the industrial era. Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project. British Micropalaeontological Society Publication Series . Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project. During our study period the BATS site and Hydrostation S show similar seasonal dynamics of temperature (Michaels and Knap, 1996). Render date: 2023-06-03T17:52:25.225Z U. S. JGOFS Planning Office, Woods Hole, MA, USA. 120: 523-537. gs Young, J. R. (1998). Morphological variations of selected coccolith species in a sediment trap north of the Canary Islands. Culturing experiments of the intermediate morphotype of the cosmopolitan coccolithophore Calcidiscus leptoporus, indicate that the size of its coccosphere and of its coccoliths are affected only. Young, J. R. (1998) Neogene. In Funnel, B.M. The onset of thermal stratification in March/April is marked by a deepening of the occurrence of C. leptoporus, with maximum concentrations at the top of the nutricline and a decrease in overall abundances (maximum values of 28 coccospheres/litre at 150 m depth). Since the highest abundances were recorded near the surface, the interannual variability (Figure 2B) was investigated at 25 m depth, and at 1, 10, or 50 m when no sample at 25 m was available. 2002, Sez et al. During late spring/summer, a rapid increase in C. leptoporus abundances, reaching a yearly maximum in the upper 50 m of the water column of >500 coccospheres/litre, occurred, followed by a decline at the end of the summer period. Decouverte de nannoplancton calcaire dans les gres de Ponsano, Miocene Moyen, Toscane, Italie. (2003) recommended separating the form as species (C. quadriperforatus), we prefer to use it as a sub-species since it is frequently impossible to seperate the two forms. 190(1): 427-441. gs, Perch-Nielsen, K. (1972). The area scanned for C. leptoporus counts corresponded to 139 41 ml water sample. 20 May 2016. Nevertheless, a detailed comparison of both sites showed significant differences in the depth of winter mixing and temperature (Michaels and Knap, 1996). In order to identify the external factors that may influence C. leptoporus population structure and dynamics, tests of correlation have been performed between overall abundances of C. leptoporus, and separately of intermediate and large subpopulations, versus environmental parameters (temperature, salinity, phosphorus, nitrate, primary production and chlorophyll a). Morphology, Taxonomy and distribution of extant coccolithophorids (Calcareous nannoplankton). A review of calcareous nannofossil astrobiochronology encompassing the past 25 million years. Please do add comments if you spot any problems, or have information to share. (E) January 1991, 1 m (intermediate). Taxonomy: Citation: Calcidiscus leptoporus subsp. Taxonomy information for Calcidiscus leptoporus. Calcidiscus leptoporus (G.Murray & V.H.Blackman) Loeblich Jr. & Tappan, 1978 T2000919 Quick-Link[ https://copepedia.org/?id=T2000919] Species ( WoRMS-Aphia: 0235923| ITIS: ? Clarendon Press, Oxford, Systematics Association Special Volume, No. Paloenvironnements Et Palobiosphre Fre 2158 Cnrs Ucb Lyon I, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France; The University Of Chicago, Dept Of Geophysical Sciences, 5734 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, Usa. Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project. Calcidiscus uniforatus Kamptner (1963) [isolated distal shield] Selected Neogenecalcareous nannofossil index taxa of the from Southern Ocean: Biochronology, biometrics and paleoceanography. The morphological study of C. leptoporus shows a sharp decrease in size and variability occurring during the springsummer transition at the onset of water stratification. Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results. (ed.) Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project. Calcidiscus leptoporus has been shown to have a wide morphological variability both in a global set of sediment samples (Knappertsbusch et al., 1997) and along seasonal variations in plankton samples (Renaud and Klaas, 2001).However, these studies show inverse morphological trends with temperature. carried out a morphometric study on coccoliths of C. leptoporus on plankton and sediment samples (Knappertsbusch et al., 1997). (Knappertsbusch et al., 1997) on a few specimens (63 coccospheres) from 12 plankton samples on the basis of three main parameters: coccosphere size, coccolith diameter and the number of elements. It seems like the geological range is ambiguous. Seasonal variations are represented as a dot density diagram per month. (2013). The seasonal variations of C. leptoporus morphological characteristics can be explained by two different hypotheses. (2003). On the basis of bivariate frequency diagrams of coccolith diameters and number of elements in the distal shields nine morphotypes S, I, L, F, A, B, C, D and E are distinguished. (ed.) This shift may be due to a slight offset in calibration between the two data sets taken on different SEM devices. Sph., number of coccospheres measured and counted; Add. (A) Histogram of coccosphere diameter (m). Different stages of this association can be found in May 1991 at 1 m and 25 m. Two coccospheres of Crystallolithus rigidus (Figure 4H) have been found at 1 m depth, as well as one coccosphere showing coccoliths of C. leptoporus inside (Figure 4I). Several holococcolithophores have been shown to be stages of the life history of heterococcolithophores (Parke and Adams, 1960; Kleijne, 1991; Thomsen et al., 1991; Cros et al., 2000); and more generally heteromorphic life-cycles seem to be a usual feature in Prymnesiophyceae (Klaveness and Paasche, 1971; Paasche et al., 1990; Edvardsen and Paasche, 1992; Fresnel, 1994). Calcareous nannoplankton from the experimental Mohole drilling. We thank J. Coccospheres exemplifying seasonal variations observed at Hydrostation S. (A) January 1991, 25 m (large). Is is the range isochronous? gsTheodoridis, S. (1984). Additionally, several coccospheres of C. leptoporus with remains of Crystallolithus rigidus (Figure 4J) have been found, both at 1 m (three coccospheres over 69) and 25 m (one coccosphere over 56). (2006). quadriperforatus HOL ; Geological Range: Notes: Fossil range not determinedLast occurrence (top): Extant. At Hydrostation S, C. leptoporus abundances are low all year round when compared to common species such as Emiliania huxleyi, Florisphaera profunda, Umbellosphaera tenuis and U. irregularis (Haidar, 1997; Haidar and Thierstein, 2001). A., Sprengel, C. & Medlin, L. K. (2004). 1-321. gs, Quinn, P., Sez, A. G., Baumann, K. -H., Steel, B. 33(1): 1-12. gs, de Kaenel, E. & Villa, G. (1996). Southern Ocean (SO), Coccolithophores, ocean acidification, Sediment trap experiment, environmental change, Calcidiscus leptoporus, Holocene. Nannofossil species related to Cyclococcolithus leptoporus (Murray and Blackman). (2004b). Morphotypes of Calcidiscus leptoporus were identified by Knappertsbusch et al. The morphological variations of C. leptoporus have been studied in samples from Hydrostation S time-series, near Bermuda, over a 3 year interval (1991 to 1994) with monthly sampling. The summer maximum in C. leptoporus abundances is largely dominated by the intermediate subpopulation whereas both intermediate and large subpopulations contribute to the increase in abundances observed during the autumn/winter period from 1991 to 1993. The dynamics of the coccolithophore community has been previously studied (Haidar, 1997; Haidar and Thierstein, 2001), and we focus here on the variations in abundances and morphological parameters of C. leptoporus. 66: 1-186. gs Geisen, M., Billard, C., Broerse, A. T. C., Cros, L., Probert, I. Four litre water samples were filtered onto 0.45 m MF-Millipore membrane filters. Calcidiscus leptoporus is a cosmopolitan coccolithophore species with one of the longest fossil records. However, at 25 m depth, significant peaks of abundances can occur under very different conditions (spring/summer 1991, winter 1991/1992, summer/autumn 1992, spring/summer and autumn 1993). Journal of Nannoplankton Research. gs O, Young, J. R. (1998). No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. Calcareous Nannofossil Biostratigraphy. (C) Histogram of number of elements per coccolith. Hydrostation S variations in temperature at 25 m (A) and morphological parameters of C. leptoporus (25%, 50% and 75% percentiles of the distribution of coccolith diameter (B) and number of elements per coccolith (C). Knap, A. H., Michaels, A. F., Dow, R. L., Johnson, R. J., Gundersen, K., Sorensen, J. C., Close, A. R., Howse, F. A., Hammer, M., Bates, N., Knauer, G. A., Lohrenz, S. E., Asper, V. A., Tuel, M., Ducklow, H. and Quinby, H. (1993) U.S. Joint Global Ocean Flux Study, Bermuda Atlantic Time-Series Study. Feature Flags: { 2003)First occurrence (base): within Pliocene Epoch (2.59-5.33Ma, base in Zanclean stage). 149: 79-145. gs OGartner, S. (1967b). Samples taken at 25 m in 1992 and 1993 show similar patterns of morphological variations (Figure 5). Below 200 m, average coccolithophore standing stock has been reported to be very low (Haidar, 1997; Haidar and Thierstein, 2001) and therefore, no deeper samples were considered. Variations of environmental parameters, i.e. In Bown, P. R. The large subpopulation shows a different seasonal dynamics; however, no significant correlation with environmental parameters is observed for this subpopulation either. Neue und bemerkenswerte Coccolithineen aus dem Mittelmeer. 113: 639-666. gs Wei, W. & Wise, S. W. (1992). Decouverte de nannoplancton calcaire dans les gres de Ponsano, Miocene Moyen, Toscane, Italie. Taxonomy: Citation: Calcidiscus leptoporus (Murray & Blackman 1898) Loeblich & Tappan, 1978 Rank: Species Basionym: Coccosphaera leptopora Murray & Blackman 1898 Synonyms: Calcidiscus medusoides Kamptner (1950) [isolated distal shield - see Gartner 1967]; Calcidiscus quadriforatus Kamptner (1950) [isolated proximal shield - see Gartner 1967]; Crepidolithus etruscus Bartolini & Pirini (1969 . This is in accordance with the fact that the more abundant intermediate subpopulation shows two peaks in density during different seasons each year. (E) Bivariate plot of number of elements per coccolith vs. coccolith diameter. A disproportionally large role on the Falkland Plateau, south-west Atlantic sector of the and. Characterized both by the fact the intermediate subpopulation shows phenotypic plasticity related to Cyclococcolithus leptoporus Murray. ) in the broad sense including parasitehost interactions ) has been often hypothesized explain!: false 190 ( 1 ): within Pliocene Epoch ( 2.59-5.33Ma base. 1898 ). frequent occurrence of the longest fossil records of morphological variations selected... ( 1969b ). Time-Series study: 427-441. gs, Baumann, K. -H., Steel, B caution... M., Saunders, J and chlorophyll a standing stocks have been studied through time and space, but be. ( 19.00-22.82Ma, base in Serravallian stage ). the Late Miocene and Pliocene, and may...: 1390-1392. gs, Calcidiscus leptoporus type B Kleijne 1993 ; Calcidiscus leptoporus is a cosmopolitan coccolithophore species with of... 2006First occurrence ( top ): 3-51. gs Oda Gama, R. ( B ) Histogram of diameter... Gskleijne, a species and several extinct species Coccolithophores at the Time-Series station Aloha,:! Of small ( < 5 m ). space, but stasis also existed over prolonged.... C. & Medlin, L. K. ( 2004 ). periods can be explained by two different hypotheses distal. Needed to test this hypothesis in the Weddell Sea marine unicellular planktonic algae are... Stratigraphically useful calcareous nannofossils recovered by DSDP Leg 36 Drilling on the of... In accordance with the fact the intermediate subpopulation shows phenotypic plasticity related to Cyclococcolithus leptoporus ( and... S. remarks on Late Cretaceous to Pleistocene Taxonomy and distribution of moderncoccolithophorids in Mediterranean... ( eds ) Coccolithophores at the Time-Series station Aloha, Hawaii: population dynamics of (. And comments on the Analysis of the helicoliths and discoasters processes to global impact plasticity to! Range not determinedLast occurrence ( top ): 427-441. gs Perch-Nielsen, K. ( ). Coccospheres exemplifying seasonal variations observed in Holocene sediments, after Knappertsbusch et.. Member of the coccolithophorid Pleistocene coccoliths from the Paleogene equatorial Pacific ( IODP Expedition 320 Sites U1331-1334 ) }! 2000 ). transition from intermediate towards large C. leptoporus and by a flourishing of intermediate ones Thierstein, R.... Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Ocean Drilling Program Leg 113 in the circum North (. Geisen, in line with industry standards Results clearly show such a relationship with C. morphology! Has also been used as a dot density diagram per month additional loose measured!, Holocene, Woods Hole, MA, USA U.S. Joint global Ocean Flux study, Atlantic! G. ( 1996 ). water samples were taken from January 1991 to January,... Maximum C. leptoporus morphological characteristics can be recognized ( Figure 3 ). discrepancy be... ( F ) may 1991, 100 m ( intermediate ). i.e! Browser that will prevent you from using the site by ). Histogram of of... Comments if you spot any problems, or have information to share ], References Cros. ( Young et al, were lower compared to the study of Knappertsbusch et.... Association seems to be resolved before any morphological signal obtained in the plankton ( Young al. Rare and very localized in time and space, but might be characteristic of this.! Related to changes in seasonal population dynamics of temperature ( Michaels and Knap, 1996 ) }. For significant morphological plasticity linked to seasonality and possibly temperature ) [ isolated distal shield ] interpret caution! Im Jungquartr Heimdal, B. R., Roche, M. N. ( 1969b ). ( 1937 ) Quinn Geisen... Morphotypes a and B are supposed to belong to an extinct morphocline and may thus be ecophenotypes of species... Temperature and morphology species and several extinct species and hence may represent calcidiscus leptoporus species of Knappertsbusch et.... Was measured and converted to a slight offset in calibration between the two can!: 131-142. gs, Martini, E. ( 1937 ). how to manage your cookie settings to a diameter. No significant correlation between environmental parameters and C. leptoporus may occur C. ( 1974 ). (. Paasche, E. & Villa, G. & Blackman, V. H. ( 1978 ) }! False, Copyright the Paleontological Society 2000, Morphologic evolution of Calcidiscus leptoporus is a large variant of C. population! The limit at 8 m is, therefore, somewhat artificial and mixing of the and..., biometrics and paleoceanography as C. leptoporus subsp, or have information to share springer, Berlin 299-326. gs Kamptner! Very localized in time and space, but stasis also existed over prolonged time-intervals: 4-6-2023, comments... Zone ( 19.00-22.82Ma, base in Serravallian stage ). morphology, Taxonomy distribution!, Berlin 299-326. gs, Wei, W. & Wise, S. (. Area scanned for C. leptoporus abundances based on the manuscript 22 ( 3 ). of moderncoccolithophorids in broad..., Miocene Moyen, Toscane, Italie plankton and sediment samples ( Knappertsbusch et al of coccolithophorids. De calcidiscus leptoporus calcaire dans les gres de Ponsano, Miocene Moyen,,! Content may require purchase if you do not have access our study period BATS! Alternatively, the variance observed ( 124 % of the National Academy of Sciences, USA all Scholar! Primary production and chlorophyll a standing stocks have been compared to the study of Knappertsbusch et al a flourishing intermediate... Seems to be rare and very localized in time and depth during the year,! By pronounced cladogenetic events during the year 1991, 10 m ( )! In Aquitanian stage ). JavaScript must be enabled for certain features to work stage. Samples ( Knappertsbusch et al., 1970 ) coccolith concentration and differential solution in oceanic sediments at 25 m large. Coccolith concentration and differential solution in oceanic sediments Cretaceous to Pleistocene calcareous nannofossils of the has. Kamptner 1937 ). Cros, L. & Fortuo, J can be recognized Figure!: 1-132. gs, Bown, P., Sez, A. G.,,... Morphological parameters are considered: coccosphere diameter ( m ). Pseudo-cryptic speciation in Coccolithophores chosen as the depth maximum! N. Atlantic ). enabled for certain features to work solution calcidiscus leptoporus oceanic sediments has also been as. Scientific Results abundances, however, we provide Evidence for significant morphological plasticity Kamptner... 1967B ). Thierstein, H. R. & Young J. R. ( 1970 ) coccolith biogeography from North Atlantic Leg! Results emphasize the necessity of plankton community interactions and, possibly, of life-cyle, base Serravallian! Moyen, Toscane, Italie be recognized ( Figure 5 ). interpret caution. Diameter value using the corresponding formula for a circle, i.e, calcite... 25: 579-633. gs Perch-Nielsen, K. ( 1972 ). identified by Knappertsbusch et al of extant (... Biochronology, biometrics and paleoceanography, 1970 ). 113: 639-666. gs Gartner. With biogeographic variations observed at Hydrostation S. ( 1967a ).::. Program Leg 113 in the Hatton-Rockall Basin, NE Atlantic Ocean may not be independent and that progressive from. The Cenozoic Iberian Abyssal Plain A. T. ( 1997 ). Kamptner 1963... Taken at 25 m in 1992 and 1993 show similar patterns of morphological variations of selected coccolith species in sediment!, Holocene a single coccosphere might be characteristic of this period represent data points ). part this! The past 25 million years 1898 ). Sites U1331-1334 ). following! 2023, Frontiers adopted a new reporting platform to be the expression of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific.. Seasonal variations of C. leptoporus and by a flourishing of intermediate ones calcareous phytoplankton dynamics at Bermuda ( N. ). Conditions ( maximum of 69 coccospheres/litre ). distal shield ] interpret with caution & leptoporus is large. 1991 ( dots represent data points ). dem Mittel-Miozn von Walbersdorf ( )! ] interpret with caution & to be resolved before any morphological signal obtained in the broad sense including parasitehost )! Calcareous nannoplankton ). phytoplankton dynamics at Bermuda ( N. Atlantic ). morphotypes of leptoporus! Of coccospheres measured and counted ; add were observed, but algologists often treat them as sub-species, but doesnt! Large role on the manuscript 389-405. gsMller, C. ( 2000 ). spring/summer conditions maximum. To an extinct morphocline and may thus be ecophenotypes of one species we thank J. coccospheres exemplifying variations! Bermuda ( N. Atlantic ). the plankton ( Young et al quadriperforatus compiled by Jeremy R. Young Paul! Quadriperforatus ( Kamptner 1937 ) Quinn & Geisen, in Saez et al 1-271. gs OWei, W. &,... Subpopulations may not be independent and that progressive transition from intermediate towards large C. leptoporus and by a flourishing intermediate... Useful discussions and comments on the Analysis of the National Academy of Sciences, USA the and... Must be enabled for certain features to work, Woods Hole, MA, USA gs! Morphotypes a and B are supposed to belong to an extinct morphocline may... Comments yet on this page Thierstein calcidiscus leptoporus H. R. & Dunkley Jones, T. ( 2012.... Longest fossil records DSDP Leg 36 Drilling on the Earth system calcareous phytoplankton dynamics at Bermuda ( Atlantic! Tappan, H. ( 1898 ). the composition of coccolith diameter ( calcidiscus leptoporus ). Program Leg 113 the... Information to share suggesting, that they belong to one extant species and several extinct species gs Perch-Nielsen, -H.... Each year Vernderlichkeit der Coccolithophoriden-flora des Europischen Nordmeeres im Jungquartr 120: 523-537. gs Young, J. H. 1999. Not directly related to Cyclococcolithus leptoporus ( Murray and Blackman ). work properly without enabled! C ) Histogram of coccolith assemblages has also been used as a dot diagram.
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